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Johns Hopkins is working on global health projects around the world. Use our search engine to explore our work in combating worldwide health threats. Enter your search term in the appropriate field. For keyword searches, separate each search term/phrase with either AND or OR. Help
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Search Results (676)

Project Name	International Cities	Researchers
A Case-Control Study Investigating the Intersection Between Tobacco Use, Tuberculosis and HIV-infection The overall objective of this proposal is to investigate the association between tobacco use and tuberculosis in HIV-infected males in Johannesburg, South Africa where rates of all three epidemics are extremely high. We will conduct a case-control study restricting all participants to HIV-infected men from Soweto. There will be two Case groups: 1) HIV-infected males with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and 2) HIV-infected males with extra-pulmonary TB and no evidence of pulmonary TB. The...	Johannesburg, South Africa	Richard Chaisson Jonathan Golub Neil Martinson Jonathan Samet
A comparison of the immunologic efficacy of antiretroviral therapy in North America versus Africa The immunologic response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), as assessed by the change in CD4+ T cell count, is a critical determinant in the overall clinical response to therapy. The immunologic “efficacy” – or “best expected response” of HAART – can be best estimated by limiting analysis to persons achieving and maintaining virologic suppression, thus eliminating the influence of virologic failure on CD4+ T cell count change. While the immunologic efficacy of HAART has been...	Cape Town, South Africa Baltimore, MD (US) San Francisco, CA (US) Mbarara, Uganda	Stephen Gange Jean B. Nachega
A Demonstration Project To Eliminate Cysticercosis In Peru, Develop A Model By Which The Disease Can Be Eradicated In Other Parts Of The World Seven-year project to demonstrate feasibility of elimination of Cysticercosis in a defined endemic area, in Peru.	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman
A DNA vaccine to prevent transmission of human malaria The project goals are to develop a vaccine to prevent or reduce malaria transmission. DNA vaccines are being tested in experimental animals to improve their immunogenicity and functional efficacy.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Nirbhay Kumar
A prospective multicenter double blind randomized controlled trial to explore the tolerability, safety and efficacy of the H-Coil deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) As part of a large, multicenter trial, we will study the safety and efficacy of the new H-Coil deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) system on adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) who are in a current episode. The H-Coil is designed to stimulate brain regions more deeply than standard figure-of-8 coils. The hope is activation of deep brain regions and their interconnecting fibers may serve as a new approach in the treatment of neuropsychiatric illnesses.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Irving Reti
A Randomized Trial of HIV Prevention in Harare Beerhalls This is a randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention targeted for men who patronize beerhalls in Harare, Zimbabwe.	Harare, Zimbabwe	Katherine Fritz
A Randomized Trial of Novel TB Preventive Regimens for HIV-Infected Adults in Soweto, South Africa This is a four-arm study of alternative preventive therapy regimens for latent TB in HIV-infected adults. The study will provide critically important information on the most effective therapies to prevent HIV-related TB, and will assess the potency of short-course regimens containing rifamycins, as well as life-long therapy with isoniazid. The study has enrolled >1000 patients to date, and will be completed in 2006.	Soweto, South Africa	Richard Chaisson
A Randomized, controlled trial of Acyclovir prophylaxis versus placebo among HIV/HSV-2 co-infected individuals (through the Rakai Health Sciences Program) Interventions that slow HIV-1 disease progression among persons with CD4+ counts above 250 cells/µL could postpone the need for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prolong life-expectancy for HIV-infected persons. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) has been shown to up-regulate HIV-1 replication at the cellular level.(1) This finding has been supported by clinical evidence that individuals who are HSV-2 seropositive at the time of HIV-1 seroconversion had higher HIV viral loads at 5 and 15...	Rakai, Uganda	Ronald Gray Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds Maria Wawer
A randomized, controlled trial of short cycle intermittent versus continuous HAART for the treatment of chronic HIV infection in Uganda Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been successful in suppressing plasma HIV RNA levels and providing significant clinical benefit in infected patients, it does not eradicate HIV infection. It is now clear that virus replication persists despite undetectable plasma viremia in individuals receiving HAART. In this regard, withdrawing HAART, even after prolonged periods of virus suppression, leads almost invariably to a rapid rebound of plasma viremia. It is also now clear...	Kampala, Uganda	Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds
A store-based intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among low income, black adolescents Examine the effects of a store-based, environmental intervention which provides caloric information regarding sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB).	Baltimore, MD (US)	Sara N. Bleich Bradley Herring
A study of Access to Harm reduction services among prisoners released in a large prison amnesty in Taiwan A study of Access to Harm reduction services among prisoners released in a large prison amnesty in Taiwan	Taipei, Taiwan	Kenrad Nelson
A Study of Male Clients of female sex workers in Sichuan province, China. This is a study of 600-700 male clients of female sex workers in 3 cities in Sichuan Province in China- Xigong, LeShan and Liangshan. We will asses their behavior, use of condoms barriers to safe sex and HIV, HCV, HBsAg prevalence.	LeShan, China Liangshan, China	Kenrad Nelson
A5175: Nested study of the treatment of chronic hepatits B in HIV infected persons The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that treatment of chronic hepatits B in HIV infected persons is more efficacious with Truvada compared to either lamivudine or emtricitabine alone. We are also investigating the development of drug-resistant virus.	New Delhi, India Port-au-Prince, Haiti Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Chloe Thio
A5207 A Phase II randomized comparison of three antiretroviral strategies administered for 7 or 21 days to reduce the emergence of nevirapine resistant HIV-1 following a single intrapartum dose of nevirapine Phase II, prospective, randomized, open-label study evaluating the effectiveness of three different antiretroviral strategies administered for 7 or 21 days for the prevention of nevirapine resistance after a single intrapartum dose of nevirapine (SD NVP). All antiretroviral agents will be initiated simultaneously with SD NVP at the onset of active labor, which is administered routinely to prevent mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 at participating sites. Pregnant HIV-1-infected...	Pune, India	Amita Gupta
A5253 Sensitivity and specificity of mycobacterium TB screening in HIV-infected individuals Exploratory, observational, prospective, cross-sectional study designed to construct a standardized diagnostic evaluation (SDE) that improves diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) as compared to standard of care (SOC) TB screening in HIV-infected males and females not currently receiving anitretroviral therapy (ART). HIV-infected participants >=13 years of age, in countries with all cases of TB incidence of more than 60/100,000/year of the country''s population, who are not currently...	Pune, India	Amita Gupta
A5263 Three Chemo Regimens as an Adjunct to ARV Therapy for Treatment of AIDS-KS ART and chemotherapy for Kaposi''s Sarcoma	Pune, India	Amita Gupta
A5274 ACTG REMEMBER Public health approach of empiric TB treatment vs. standard approach to reduce early mortality in advanced HIV	Pune, India	Amita Gupta
Abstinence and Behavior Change for Youth (ARK Project) Conduct activities as described in the Proposal entitled "Abstinence and Risk Avoidance for Youth (ARK) Initiative for Haiti, Kenya and Tanzania. The Subagreements official title is "Support to HIV/AIDS Prevention through Abstinence and Behavior Change for Youth. "	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Port-au-Prince, Haiti Nairobi, Kenya	Susan Krenn
Abu Dhabi Graduate Training in Public Health Support to the Health Authority of Abu Dhabi for health sector analysis and graduate level public health training, 2008 – present.	Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates	Hugh Waters
ACCESS Program The ACCESS Program is the U.S. Agency for International Development''s global program to improve maternal and newborn health. The ACCESS Program works to expand coverage, access and use of key maternal and newborn health services across a continuum of care from the household to the hospital—with the aim of making quality health services accessible for women and newborns. Jhpiego implements the program in partnership with Save the Children, Constella Futures, the Academy for Educational...	Kampala, Uganda Maputo, Mozambique Lusaka, Zambia Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo	Koki Agarwal
ACCESS-FP: Addressing Unmet Need for Postpartum Family Planning The ACCESS-FP Program is a 5-year, USAID-sponsored global program with the goal of responding to the significant unmet needs for family planning among postpartum women. As an Associate Award through the ACCESS Program, ACCESS-FP is implemented by Jhpiego in partnership with Save the Children, Constella Futures, the Academy for Educational Development, the American College of Nurse-Midwives and IMA World Health. ACCESS-FP will also collaborate with the Frontiers in Reproductive Health...	Dhaka, Bangladesh New Delhi, India Conakry, Guinea Abuja, Nigeria Port-au-Prince, Haiti Nairobi, Kenya	Koki Agarwal
ACCESS: Prevention and Treatment of Malaria in Africa In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria infection is estimated to cause 400,000 cases of severe maternal anemia and 75,000-200,000 infant deaths annually. Maternal anemia contributes significantly to maternal mortality and causes an estimated 10,000 deaths per year. In areas of stable transmission, the WHO promotes a three-prong strategy to address MIP prevention and control: 1) intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp); 2) insecticide treated nets (ITNs) for prevention; and 3) case...	Kampala, Uganda Yaounde, Cameroon Bamako, Mali Nairobi, Kenya Kigali, Rwanda Antananarivo, Madagascar Nouakchott, Mauritania Niamey, Niger Lome, Togo Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso	Koki Agarwal
Achieving Impact at Scale through Global Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP) The Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP), the U.S. Agency for International Development’s flagship global maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) program, focuses on reducing maternal, neonatal and child mortality and accelerating progress toward achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5. Awarded to Jhpiego and partners in September 2008, MCHIP works with USAID missions, governments, nongovernmental organizations, local communities and partner agencies in...		Koki Agarwal
Action Research on Strategic Leadership–Learning Organization Training and Translation in Improving the Referral System for Reproductive Health Services in South Sulawesi The objective of this collaboration with the University of Hasanuddin is to improve the leadership capacities of individuals, institutions and communities to facilitate improvements in RH policies and programs at the district and lower levels. The specific objectives are 1) to measure change in leadership capacity of individuals and entities; 2) to compare changes in leadership capacities among intervention and control communities; 3) to compare changes of RH services and client satisfaction;...	Makassar, Indonesia	W. Henry Mosley
Active Smoking: Multi-country Cotinine Study The study uses a common protocol in China, Mexico, Brazil, and Poland exploring relationship between smoking habits, cigarette content, and nicotine dose. Recent analyses have addressed differences between less and more addicted smokers, differences in cotinine in “light” and regular cigarette smokers, and gender smoking patterns and addiction. Read more	Beijing, China Mexico City, Mexico Warsaw, Poland Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Cuernavaca, Mexico	Jonathan Samet
Advice and informal collaborations on trials being conducted in India, South Africa, Congo, Nicaragua, Peru	New Delhi, India Managua, Nicaragua Lima, Peru Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo Cape Town, South Africa	Jed Fahey
Afghanistan: ACCESS Health Service Support Project The ACCESS Health Service Support Project (HSSP) is a four-year Associate Award from USAID to improve service delivery and the quality of basic health services in Afghanistan. In concert with the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), HSSP provides support to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to improve the planning, management, implementation and monitoring of the delivery of a high-quality Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS)—the framework of primary and secondary health service...	Kabul, Afghanistan	Koki Agarwal
AIDS International Training and Research Program (Fogarty AITRP) Chris Beyrer, MD, MPH, Principal Investigator Taha E. Taha, MD, PhD, Country Director for Malawi The JHU Fogarty International Training and Research Program (JHU-AITRP) provides greatly needed opportunities for the training of Malawians in the fields of HIV, STDs, epidemiology, vaccinology, laboratory sciences, and informatics. This endeavor has been vital for the continuing success of research endeavors to control HIV and STDs in the country for the past 16 years. Both degree (Masters...	Blantyre, Malawi	Chris Beyrer Taha E. Taha
Albania: Strengthening Family Planning (through the ACCESS Program) ACCESS-FP is beginning work in Albania to strengthen family planning in the postpartum and postabortion periods and to reinvigorate the provision of IUD services. The program will also work to increase demand for modern contraceptives in the country. About ACCESS: The ACCESS Program is the U.S. Agency for International Development''s global program to improve maternal and newborn health. The ACCESS Program works to expand coverage, access and use of key maternal and newborn health...	Tirana, Albania	Koki Agarwal
Alcohol and HIV Treatment and Clinical Progression Modern HIV therapy is allowing people with HIV infection to live longer lives. Because of this, alcohol drinking may have a greater opportunity to cause adverse consequences. The study is designed to measure alcohol use in a population of HIV- infected patients in care, and to determine levels of alcohol use that increase the risk of bad outcomes.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Richard Moore
Algorithms for improved cross sectional incidence testing for HIV Using a combination testing methods to improve accuracy of identifying samples from newly infected individuals based on biologic properties of the immune system that evolve over the course of infection. The goal is to generate a widely applicable assays for the use in HIV incidence monitoring on a population and intervention trial level	Hanoi, Vietnam Johannesburg, South Africa Chennai, India Baltimore, MD (US)	Susan Eshleman Oliver Laeyendecker Thomas Quinn
Aman Tirta 1) Create awareness on the importance of safe water and storage; 2) Increase knowledge on alternative methods to treating water; 3) Create awareness of Air RahMat as a safe, easy, and economical option for treating water; 4) Establish a network of Air RahMat retailers in the Bekasi district; 5) Create a market for Air RahMat and induce sales.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
American University in Beirut (AUB) Since the 1960''''s, Hopkins has had long standing relationship with AUB, focused on Medical Education and Physician Training. This has led to the exchange of hundreds of physicians between the institutions and in fact, Hopkins employs a significant number of physicians who trained at AUB. The Civil War in Lebanon in the 1980''''s/late 1990''''s challenged the relationship. In 2004, programmatic collaborations between AUB and Johns Hopkins have occurred in the areas of Medicine, Pediatrics...	Beirut, Lebanon	Paul Lietman
American University of Armenia (AUA) Dr. Haroutune K. Armenian currently serves as President and Dean of the College of Health Sciences for the American University of Armenia (AUA) and has since 1997. AUA is modeled as an American institution and in the forefront of the establishment of novel educational and development programs in Armenia and its region. Areas of research, as part of this involvement, include long-term effects of earthquakes, health services research and evaluation, as well as other student led projects.	Yerevan, Armenia	Haroutune Armenian
An Assessment of Water Quality in Lima’s Peri-Urban Neighborhoods Center for Water and Health researchers are collaborating with International Health colleagues to evaluate water quality in peri-urban slums on the outskirts of Lima. The work focuses on the use of molecular detection methods to identify enteric viruses in the water supply. Initial water sampling found that more than 20 percent of diarrheal illnesses in children are caused by Norovirus.	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman Kellogg J. Schwab
An Evaluation of Infection Control K.A.P. and Infrastructure in MDR and XDR-TB Centers in South Africa Background: Transmission of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) to healthcare workers (HCWs) is not only a preventable tragedy, recent outbreaks are a resounding wake-up call to the occupational risk associated with inadequate infection control (IC) practices. There is an urgent need for evaluation of IC practices to identify deficits in implementation, barriers, educational needs, attitudes and practices in multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extremely drug resistant (XDR) TB centers...	Cape Town, South Africa	Susan Dorman Jason Farley
Anadolu Health Village In 2001, the Anadolu Foundation (“Anadolu”) began partnering with Johns Hopkins Medicine International (JHI) to plan and execute a full continuum of specialty-focused healthcare services in Turkey. The synergy of the partnership has been the driving force behind the healthcare plan from architectural design to clinical programs development to educational competencies for staff. In February, 2005, this effort culminated in the opening of Anadolu Health Center, a 209-bed hospital with...	Istanbul, Turkey	Szabolcs Dorotovics Burak Malatyali Mark Schoenberg
Ancillary Benefits of Mass Treatment with Azithromycin This project adds to the PRET partnership experts in fields of STD, malaria, diarrheal and ARI illnesses. As part of the larger study on use of azithromycin in trachoma endemic communities, we can efficiently nest a study of the added value of mass treatment on these other common morbidities. The study would be conducted in Kongwa, Tanzania, in four communities already censused and slated to receive mass treatment with single dose of azithromycin (Intervention communities). Four control...	Kongwa, Tanzania	Sheila West
Angola and Nigeria: Increasing Coverage of Malaria in Pregnancy Programs In February of 2008, ExxonMobil Foundation has awarded Jhpiego a second one-year grant of $1 million to continue our Malaria in Pregnancy (MIP) programs in Angola and Nigeria. The aim of the project is to demonstrate new approaches for increasing MIP service coverage. In Angola, Jhpiego is working to improve the quality of MIP services, paying particular attention to facility-based monitoring and feedback systems. The project seeks to inform the decisions of health providers, educators and...	Abuja, Nigeria Luanda, Angola	Alain Damiba
Angola: Essential Health Services Program In Angola, Jhpiego is providing technical assistance in support of the Essential Health Services Program/Serviços Essenciais de Saúde (SES). SES, the principal health program for the U.S. Agency for International Development in Angola, aims to increase stability in the country by implementing scaleable and sustainable programs that will expand delivery of high-quality, non-clinical health care services, improve national health systems and promote community outreach. More specifically, the...	Luanda, Angola	Alain Damiba
Angola: Fighting Malaria in Pregnancy Through a grant from the ExxonMobil Foundation, Jhpiego is working to strengthen the quality of malaria in pregnancy (MIP) services in Angola and Nigeria. The project is a follow-on to a five-country, MIP program needs assessment that Jhpiego conducted for ExxonMobil. The purpose of the assessment was to identify a country-specific “roadmap” of future actions—in key areas such as policy, commodities, training, supervision and community awareness of MIP—for the advancement of effective MIP...	Luanda, Angola	Alain Damiba
Anopheles responses to Plasmodium infected blood Recent advances in Anopheles gambiae transgenic and high throughput genomic technologies have rendered it a powerful model organism for the study of host - parasite interactions and innate immunity. In addition, Anopheline mosquitoes transmit one of the most serious diseases of mankind, malaria. The lack of effective vaccines, the development of parasite resistance to drugs and mosquito resistance to insecticides contribute to the expansion of the disease and have thereby created an acute...	Baltimore, MD (US)	George Dimopoulos
Antenatal and Preschool Iron and Zinc Supplementation and Cognition Chronic deficiency of essential micronutrients is the most common, preventable form of malnutrition in the developing world, affecting millions of infants, young children and pregnant women. Interest is growing in understanding effects of specific micronutrient deficiencies early in life, particularly iron and zinc, on child development. Adequate nutriture of both iron and zinc is necessary for optimal brain development and functioning. Deficiencies of either nutrient in fetal or early...	Kathmandu, Nepal	Parul Christian Joanne Katz Steven LeClerq James Tielsch Keith West, Jr.
Anti-diarrheal mechanisms of Zn2+: Role of Zn2 in intestinal CT secretion Secretory diarrhea warrants global health research because it is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and Mortality in developing countries. While diarrhea can be treated with oral re-hydration solution (ORS), inclusion of .Zn2+ with ORS has been shown to reduce the duration of acute diarrhea. However, how Zn2+ improves diarrhea is not known. In secretory diarrhea, there is an excessive intestinal cr secretion which is stimulated by the elevation of intracellular cAMP and Ca2+...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Chung Tse
Antimalarial treatment efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine in HIV-infected pregnant women Artemether-lumefantrine is the leading drug recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. High treatment efficacy, good tolerability, and an acceptable safety profile of artemether-lumefantrine have been established in non-pregnant adults and children. However, despite increasing use of the drug in pregnant women in many endemic countries following the WHO recommendation, knowledge on the safety and efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine is...	Panama City, Panama	Myaing Nyunt
Aquaglyceroporins in Red Blood Cells and Malaria Aquaglyceroporins form a subfamily of the aquaporin water channel family-transporting water, glycerol and urea. Human red blood cells [RBCs] contain the aquaglyceroporin AQP3; mouse RBCs contain AQP9. Plasmodia causing malaria contain aquaglyceroporins -- P. falciparum causes human malaria and expresses PfAQP; P. berghei causes mouse malaria and expresses PbAQP. Glycerol is used by the intracellular malaria parasite [merozoite] for production of glycerolipids. Import of glycerol requires...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Peter Agre
Arsenic Exposure, Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes in Native Americans Tens of millions of people in the US and abroad are exposed to arsenic in drinking water above 10 ug/L, the current US arsenic standard. In the US, naturally occurring arsenic in drinking water disproportionately affects rural communities of the Western States, including Native Americans. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association of arsenic exposure and biotransformation with the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in 4,549 Native Americans who participated in the...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Ana Navas-Acien
ARV effects on HIV epidemiology & behaviors, Rakai Uganda (through the Rakai Health Sciences Program) The provision of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in Africa will have beneficial health and social effects, but will present many challenges. Since the drugs are now being initiated in Uganda, we have a narrow window of opportunity to assess the population-level impact of ARVs on HIV transmission and epidemiology, on behaviors in both HIV+ and HIV uninfected persons, and on sociodemographic indicators. Information is also needed on the emergence and transmission of drug resistance mutations,...	Rakai, Uganda	Susan Eshleman Joel Gallant Ronald Gray Oliver Laeyendecker Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds Maria Wawer
Assessment and promotion of adolescent dietary intake in China Aims: (1) To develop and evaluate a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to help assess the usual dietary patterns of Chinese adolescents (aged 10-14) with a special attention on dietary calcium intake (2) To develop and test an Internet- and cell phone-based telehealth system for the promotion of dietary calcium intake	Beijing, China	Youfa Wang
Assessment of HIV-1 drug resistance outcomes in subtype C infected infants Assessment of HIV-1 drug resistance outcomes in subtype C infected infants (Ethiopian and Indian) enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial of single dose nevirapine versus 6-weeks of nevirapine for the prevention of breast-milk and perinatal HIV-1 infection.	New Delhi, India Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Robert Bollinger Jr. Amita Gupta Deborah Persaud Andrea Ruff
Autopsy study of causes of death in HIV+ adults with TB No information available	Cape Town, South Africa	Neil Martinson
Avian Influenza Abstract not available	Dushanbe, Tajikistan	Susan Krenn
Bacterial colonization of the neonatal umbilical cord and impact of chlorhexidine In developing countries, many babies are born at home and the umbilical cord commonly becomes infected during the first week after birth, and can be deadly. Cleansing of the cord with a low-cost antiseptic like chlorhexidine may reduce the risk of these infections. Little is known, however, about the frequency of chlorhexidine cleansing needed to impact upon the overall presence of bacteria on the stump, or regarding the changes in bacteria during the first week of life when most cord...	Sylhet, Bangladesh	Luke C. Mullany
Bangladesh: Integrated Safe Motherhood Newborn Care and Family Planning (MAMONI) With funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and in collaboration with its partner Save the Children, Jhpiego is implementing a four-and-a-half-year, $13.5 million project that aims to decrease maternal and neonatal mortality in Sylhet and Habiganj Districts. The project, entitled “MAMONI,” is an Associate Award under USAID’s global Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program, or MCHIP. MAMONI is designed to increase the use of healthy maternal and neonatal...	Sylhet, Bangladesh Habiganj, Bangladesh	Koki Agarwal
Bangladesh: Strengthening Maternal and Newborn Care Services (through the ACCESS Program) In Bangladesh, ACCESS aims to increase the practice of healthy maternal and neonatal behaviors at the household level. The overall objective of the program is to increase the practice of healthy maternal and neonatal behaviors in a sustainable and potentially scalable manner. Specifically, ACCESS implements behavior change for maternal and newborn health at the home level and community mobilization at the community level, and engages in policy and advocacy activities to strengthen maternal...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Koki Agarwal
Basic Human Services Safe Water Systems- Indonesia CCP will work with Aman Tirta (Bahasa Indonesia for Safe Water) Team, a private-public partnership, to create a social norm of sustained water treatment behaviors at the household and community level.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
BEACON A longitudinal study to examine social environmental (support network and informal caregiving) influences on former and current drug users' HIV medical adherence and health outcomes. The study examines the role of social environmental factors in explaining gender and drug use status disparities in HIV health outcomes.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Lee Bone Amy R. Knowlton Carl Latkin Lawrence Wissow
Benin: AIDS Prevention through Social Marketing With funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development’s mission in Benin, Jhpiego is working in partnership with PSI International and Abt Associates to implement the Integrated Project to Promote Family Health and Prevent HIV/AIDS or Projet Intégré d''Appui à la Santé Familiale et à la Prévention du VIH/SIDA (IMPACT). This five-year project is designed to support the Government of Benin’s efforts to control the spread of HIV and increase access to family health services and...	Porto-Novo, Benin	Alain Damiba
Bermuda Hospitals Board The Bermuda Hospitals Board engaged JHMI to conduct independent review of the Estate Master Plan for the King Edwards Memorial Hospital. The purpose of the review is to systematically conduct objective and independent evaluations on the findings and recommendations contained within the Estate Master Plan. Hopkins review, divided into two phases, included general evaluation of the proposed project scope in the context of both the EMP''''''''s proposed utilization and service organization and...	Hamilton, Bermuda	Mark Shaver
Biodegradable Microparticles for Oral Delivery of a Malaria Transmission-Blocking Vaccine The primary goal of this pilot project with Dr. Hai-Quan Mao (JHU Biomedical Engineering) is to develop an efficient biodegradable microparticle (BMP) system that provides sustained release of a malaria transmission-blocking AgAPN1 antigen, and then determine the efficacy of this BMP vaccine following a single dose oral immunization in generating high-titer, long-lasting antigen specific antibodies, compared with that elicited by intranasal and subcutaneous administrations of BMPs.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Rhoel Dinglasan
Biological Mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine The goal of this project is to develop a conceptual framework for the use of mechanistic knowledge in the evaluation of emerging therapies, or established therapies for which the empirical evidence is weak, with differing degrees of biological rationale. While there are numerous schemas for the evaluation of empirical evidence underlying therapeutic advances, there is no formal language or structure to incorporate evidence of how an intervention works into that process. This project is...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jason Gerson Steven Goodman
Biomedical Informatics	Maribor, Slovenia	Patricia Abbott
Blood-Brain Barrier Traversal By African Trypanosomes The neurological complications of Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense are attributed to the penetration of the central nervous system by trypanosomes. Yet, how the single-cell trypanosome protozoan parasites spread from the blood to brain over the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains an unresolved issue. This barrier is comprised of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) especially designed to keep pathogens out....	Rio, Brazil Glasgow, United Kingdom	Dennis J Grab
Bloomberg Freedom from Smoking Initiative -- Economics Component The economic component of the initiative focuses on economic research and advocacy to promote policies to curb the negative effects of smoking in low and middle-income countries. Activities include promoting the use of research to calculate the economic burden of smoking -- and second-hand smoke -- and to predict the effects of taxation on cigarette consumption.	Beijing, China Mexico City, Mexico	Hugh Waters
Botswana: Expanding and Strengthening Male Circumcision Services Through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Global AIDS Program in Botswana (BOTUSA), Jhpiego has been awarded funds to conduct a needs assessment of the Botswana Public Health Care System’s ability to expand and strengthen male circumcision (MC) services as an HIV risk reduction measure. Although Botswana has among the highest rates of HIV prevalence in the world, less than 20% of the male population is circumcised. Drawing on its global leadership and experience in assessments,...	Gaborone, Botswana	Alain Damiba
Building Afghanistan's Capacity To Address Aids, TB And Malaria: Monitoring And Evaluation No information available	Kabul, Afghanistan	Gilbert Burnham
Building Capacity for the Delivery and Assessment of Adapted Maternal Health Interventions for Internally Displaced Persons in Burma This collaboration is with the Mae Tao Clinic in the Thai-Burma border region to establish a network of six standardized, locally staffed, mobile centers for capacity building and referral care within communities of internally displaced persons. Basic obstetric services and contraception will be provided through backpack health workers and maternity outcomes will be monitored and evaluated.	Mae Sot, Thailand	Chris Beyrer
Burkina Faso: Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV In November 2006, the Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso awarded Jhpiego $1 million over five years for a project for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in the country. This award gives Jhpiego the opportunity to build on and expand its existing portfolio of projects, currently being conducted through our global ACCESS Program, that address maternal and child health in West Africa. The strategic approach for this new project combines Jhpiego’s proven Standards-Based...	Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso	Alain Damiba
Burkina Faso: Standard Days Method of Natural Family Planning In partnership with the Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH) at Georgetown University, and with funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development, Jhpiego is scaling up the use of the Standard Days Method (SDM) of family planning in Burkina Faso. SDM is a natural family planning method developed by IRH to expand women’s and couples’ family planning choices and contribute to enhanced reproductive and family health, and was introduced in Burkina Faso through a joint IRH-Jhpiego...	Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso	Alain Damiba
Business Case for Quality Business Case for Quality – measuring the costs and benefits of a quality improvement initiative in Michigan Hospitals (funded by the Michigan Hospital Association).		Hugh Waters
Byramee Jeejeebhoy Medical College (BJMC), Pune, India: Clinical Trials Unit The Indo-US collaborative research group, at the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College (BJMC) in Pune, India, is currently conducting the only NIH-sponsored; Phase III randomized clinical trial for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in India. The study will provide a Clinical Trials Unit (CTU) with a single Clinical Research Site (CRS) that will build upon the success of existing leadership, organization, clinical trials management procedures, as well as experienced...	Pune, India	Robert Bollinger Jr.
Call to Action Application for a Program to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission in Mulago and Rugaba Hospitals The Mulago Hospital complex comprises a referral hospital as well as a district level hospital for Kampala, Uganda. Nearly 34,000 women attend antenatal care at Mulago and 27,000 women deliver there annually. The Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission (PMTCT) program at Mulago has been operating through EGPAF funds to MUJHU since April 2000. Rubaga and Mengo Hospitals are both faith-based semi-private hospitals that see about 5000 new antenatal clinic attendees each, per year, and...	Kampala, Uganda Mulago, Uganda	Laura Guay
Cambodia: Improving Access to High-Quality Maternal and Newborn Health Services (through the ACCESS Program) ACCESS is assisting the Cambodia Ministry of Health and local key stakeholders to improve the availability of and access to high-quality, sustainable maternal and newborn health services through an Associate Award from USAID. This three-year program builds on previous ACCESS work and has three aims: to strengthen maternal and newborn health policies and programs to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality; improve the capacity of the Cambodian government to increase access to skilled providers;...	Phnom Penh, Cambodia	Koki Agarwal
Cameroon: Building the Capacity of Skilled Birth Attendants (through the ACCESS Program) With finding from USAID, ACCESS has been working in West Africa with AWARE-RH, Mwangaza Action, United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and partner governments. ACCESS/Cameroon works to build the capacity of skilled birth attendants in the areas of prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, use of the partograph (a tool for tracking progress of labor and care of the newborn), and developing regional and national training capacity in maternal and neonatal health care. In Cameroon’s Ngaoundéré and...	Yaounde, Cameroon	Koki Agarwal
Candidate Genes in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever No abstract available	Bridgetown, Barbados	Kathleen C. Barnes
Capacity Building for Improving Quality of Health Information,Education,Communication Project Abstract not available	Hanoi, Vietnam	Susan Krenn
CARE- Health and Hygiene Improvement Develop mass media materials, including community drama, and produce and distribute advocacy kits to promote health education and hygiene improvement. CCP will work with CARE to identify critical communications needs in the SWS distribution effort, handwashing, household hygiene promotion, immunization, and latrine maintenance and cleaning.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
Caribbean Hearing Health Initiative Deafness is a prevalent cause of disability in children and is the most common birth defect (1 in 500 births). This sensory deprivation prevents the normal development of spoken language, limits intellectual development and educational achievement, and prevents participation in the larger community in the most severe cases. These pervasive sequelae of childhood deafness can be mitigated with early diagnosis and management using hearing instruments and auditory training. Furthermore, language...	Kingston, Jamaica	Howard Francis
CCP Technical Assistance to UNICEF/Uganda for Behavior and Social Change Communication Through technical assistance to UNICEF, CCP aims to increase the number of high-quality, sustainable social and behavior change communication programs for children in Uganda. Activities under this agreement will be designed to: Strengthen the capacity of UNICEF partner organizations, including district government and non-governmental health and development staff, to design, implement, monitor and evaluate communication for social and behavior change programs; Improve child participation and...	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Krenn
CDC Informed Consent Project Secondary analysis of informed consent comprehension data from a CDC TB-prevention trial in Botswana	Gaborone, Botswana	Nancy Kass
Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Sruvey This project began in 1983-84 and followed all pregnant women in selected barangays (communities) in rural and urban Cebu. Both the pregnant women and births were followed leading to a birth cohort study as well as an intergenerational study. As of 2005, there are over 2000 mothers and about 2000 young adults that remain in the study. While the study began with a focus on nutrition and feeding, over the last 23 years the study has developed to include detailed information on employment,...	Cebu, Philippines	Michelle Hindin
Cellular Tropism & Reservoir in Brain with HIV-Clade C Studies from populations infected with HIV-clade B virus suggest that patients often develop a dementing illness with important socioeconomic consequences. However, the most common HIV infection worldwide is with HIV-clade C and very little information is available with regards to its neurological manifestations. An important difference between the two clades is that HIV-clade C is nearly exclusively chemokine receptor CCR5 tropic. Since CCR5 expressing cells are present in the central...	New Delhi, India	Avindra Nath
Center for Collaborative Intervention Research (P30) The major goal of this project is to create a national model program to support innovative collaborative intervention research designed to improve health outcomes.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jerilyn K. Allen
Center for Craniofacial Development and Disorders The goal of the Center for Craniofacial Development and Disorders is to increase our understanding of normal and abnormal craniofacial development, promote prevention of craniofacial disease, and improve diagnosis and treatment of craniofacial disorders, including oral and dental conditions. Craniofacial abnormalities compose a large and heterogeneous group of human malformations. Of the over 5000 known human genetic syndromes, over 700 have craniofacial abnormalities. Oral clefting and...	Buenos Aires, Argentina Prague, Czech Republic Mexico City, Mexico	Terri Beaty
Center for HIV/ AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI) CHAVI 001 studies the HIV-1 virus specifically to determine the prevalence of acute HIV infection, characteristics of the transmitted virus in acute HIV-1 infection, host acquired and innate immune responses that contribute to virus control and/or protection against infection with HIV-1, genetic factors that contribute to early virus control and/or protection from infection and examination of the clinical, laboratory, and behavioral characteristics of individuals with acute HIV infection,...	Lilongwe, Malawi Blantyre, Malawi	Newton Kumwenda Taha E. Taha
Center for Public Health and Human Rights The Center for Public Health and Human Rights (CPHHR) was established in April 2004 to examine the impact of human rights violations on the general health of populations through the application of epidemiological practices and other public health tools. CPPHR uses critical evidence-based assessments of the role that repressive laws and social discord play in the health of populations. It is involved in a number of activities in three primary areas of effort—education, research, and advocacy...	Moscow, Russia Mae Sot, Thailand	Chris Beyrer
Centers of Excellence for Education and Training in Tobacco Control The Institute for Global Tobacco Control has been actively involved in developing curriculum and providing training in tobacco control in the United States and across the world. Since 2003 the Institute has established Centers of Excellence for Education and Training in Tobacco Control in three countries: Brazil, China, and Mexico. The Centers are an expansion of our Fogarty International Center collaboration project with partner institutions in each country and allow for additional workshops...	Beijing, China Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Cuernavaca, Mexico	Jonathan Samet Frances Stillman
CGPP (CORE Group Polio Partners Project) This USAID project engages US-based NGOs and local counterparts to support community-based activities in support of the global polio eradication initiative. The project supports social mobilization, training and monitoring of mass immunization campaigns and routine immunization programs. The project also provides support---at the local level---to national surveillance systems and other health systems components. The project is located in Angola, Ethiopia, India and Nepal.	New Delhi, India Kathmandu, Nepal Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Luanda, Angola	William Weiss, DrPH
Child sexual abuse This project explores the mental health and social problems of child who have experienced sexual abuse. The project assesses the situation and problems of children presenting to a clinic for sexual abuse. Eventually the data will be used to design an intervention to address these problems and assess its impact.	Lusaka, Zambia	Paul Bolton
Children in Crisis this project is a collaboration with World Vision and Tulane University. The project explores the needs of children living in the street or otherwise living in difficult circumstances in various countries around the world. The resulting data will be used to design interventions in each site, as well as evaluating their impact.	Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tbilisi, Georgia Mexico City, Mexico Chennai, India Tirana, Albania	Judith K. Bass Paul Bolton
Chililab Chililab is a demographic and health surveillance site located between Hanoi and Hiphong in Vietnam following a cohort of 3000 15-24 year olds for up to ten years. The community is transitioning from being agrarian to urban and the study is now in the fourth year of funding having collected three waves of data. Starting in year five, the plan is to start intervention studies.	Hanoi, Vietnam	Robert Blum
China National Plan for Tobacco Control Organized by the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, the Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Ministry of Health, P.R. China and World Health organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, and the National Conference on Policy Development of Tobacco Control in China in the 21st Century was held in Beijing from May 29-May31, 2000. The working group brought together 50 national and 30 international participants from a wide range of disciplines including health economics,...	Beijing, China	Jonathan Samet Frances Stillman
Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort Study CKiD is a chronic kidney disease pediatric cohort in which we are studying the natural history of chronic kidney disease. We have made strides in characterizing the endpoints of transplant and dialysis and the risk factors for renal replacement therapy. We have also developed new estimating equations for glomerular filtration rate using our iohexol plasma disappearance protocol, which gives us a direct measure of kidney function.		Alison Abraham Christopher Cox Lisa P. Jacobson Alvaro Munoz
Chronic urinary schistosomiasis, the silent carcinogen: Developing biomarkers for its detection Approximately 200 million people in endemic areas in Africa, Western Asia and the Middle East are infected with the parasite Schistosoma haematobium, the causative agent for urinary schistosomiasis. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a complication of schistosomiasis. Biomarkers of SCC could identify those at risk of malignancy and provide new targets for therapy. A collaborative research group including individuals from Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School...	Accra, Ghana	Clive J Shiff Robert Veltri
Circumcision: HIV/STIs and behaviors in a RCT and post-RCT surveillance; Rakai Community Cohort Study Three randomized trials, including one which is the basis for this proposal, and numerous observational studies demonstrate that male circumcision reduces male HIV acquisition. We conducted an NIH-funded trial of male circumcision for HIV prevention in rural Rakai, Uganda. 5000 HIV-negative male VCT acceptors aged 15-49 were randomized to either immediate circumcision (intervention) or delayed circumcision (controls). The trial was stopped by the DSMB on Dec 12, 2006, when an interim analysis...	Rakai, Uganda	Ronald Gray Maria Wawer
Clemenceau Medical Center (CMC) In early 2002, Johns Hopkins Medicine International began a relationship with Plaza Real Estate Company, S.A.L. (PREC) to help them create a center of excellence to serve the healthcare needs of the people of Lebanon and the surrounding region. After nearly four years, the Clemenceau Medical Center in Beirut, Lebanon, officially opened its doors on February 2006 during a during a formal ceremony attended by the Prime Minister of Lebanon and other dignitaries. Clemenceau Medical Center ...	Beirut, Lebanon	Charles Cummings Maureen Hunt
Clinica Las Condes The 216-bed Clinica Las Condes is one of the top private hospitals in Santiago, Chile. Founded in 1978 by a group of physicians, the hospital is a publicly held company with stockholders, including hospital physicians. In 2007, Clinica Las Condes entered into a 10-year affiliation agreement with Johns Hopkins Medicine International in early 2007. Under the agreement, Hopkins experts contribute to educational and consulting projects including: - Joint Commission International...	Santiago, Chile	Mark Shaver
Clinical Research Center in XiAn, China Training physician scientists in clinical epidemiology, biostatistics, and bioethics pertaining to clinical research, field epidemiology, translational research, and clinical trials.	Xianyang, China	Guohua Li
Clinical Research in Tuberculosis Dr. Chaisson proposed to provide support for patient oriented research on tuberculosis control in developing countries, mentoring of junior faculty and fellows in clinical research, and leadership of the Johns Hopkins Center for TB Research, which was founded at the time of the original award. All three aims have been executed with outstanding results. Dr. Chaisson''''''''''''''''s proposed community-randomized trial of alternative TB control strategies has been undertaken with support from a...	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Richard Chaisson
Clinical study on Helicobacter pylori infection in Colombia not provided	Bogota, Colombia	Jed Fahey
Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group US Project The overall objective of the The Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group US Project (CEVG@US) is to develop a critical mass of US-based vision researchers and practitioners who are trained in preparing and using systematic reviews. The CEVG@US group aims to accomplish four main goals: 1) Expand awareness of evidence-based health care in general and in eyes and vision specifically, 2) Develop a critical mass of vision researchers who are able to perform and interpret systematic reviews, and train...		Kay Dickersin Ann-Margret Ervin Barbara Hawkins Roberta W. Scherer
Collaboration Cancer Research including cancer early detection collaboration with Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan	Taipei, Taiwan	Tian-Li Wang
Collaboration with Renji Hospital in Shanghai, China We have been collaborating with Renji Hospital in Shanghai, China. This university hospital has had a collaboration agreement with Hopkins International since 2004. We had exchange of visiting faculty, a joint international GI conference in 2005. Currently, we are developping a plan to build a new hospital for digestive diseases in Shanghai.	Shanghai, China	Zhiping Li
Communication & Malaria Initiative in Tanzania (COMMIT) Abstract not available	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Susan Krenn
Community Based Avian Influenza Control Activities (CBAIC) Abstract not available	Yogyakarta, Indonesia Bali, Indonesia Lampung, Indonesia Banten, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
Community Based Primary Health Care innovations in Afghanistan and Arunachal Pradesh, India In remote mountain valleys community health workers and community action groups are responding to local mobilization and capacity development with remarkable women''''s empowerment.	Kabul, Afghanistan Arunachal, India	Carl Taylor
Community mental health in Kurdistan, Iraq. This project is a partnership with Heartland Alliance who are providing community-based mental health services throughout Kurdistan through a system of Community Mental Health Workers based in local clinics. The project will assess the problems facing the Kurdish population resulting from torture, gender-based violence, and other forms of violence. This information will be used to select specific mental health interventions to be implemented by the CMHWs. Later the impact of these programs...	Irbil, Iraq	Paul Bolton
Community-Based Assessment of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Obstetrical Injury in Ghana (Gates Scholar Bridge Grant) The primary goal of this study is to determine the magnitude of pelvic floor dysfunction and obstetric injury from poorly managed labors, and identify the reasons why women fail to utilize institutional delivery services in Ghana. The findings from the study will become the basis for addressing modifiable risk factors to prevent obstetric injury and for rehabilitating women suffering from pelvic floor dysfunction secondary to obstetric injury.	Accra, Ghana	Saifuddin Ahmed Robert Gutman
Community-Based Capacity Building for Emergency Preparedness and Response Despite the fact that natural and humanitarian disasters are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East region, there is lack of concerted effort to assist communities in this region in disaster preparedness; some work is being done but it needs to be more effective and evidence-based. Furthermore, no study of disaster preparedness beliefs or knowledge in the communities has been attempted in this region. In collaboration with the World Health...	Sanaa, Yemen Kassala, Sudan Muzaffarabad, Pakistan	Adnan Hyder Nhan Tran
Community-based Intervention to Reduce Childhood Drowning in Bangladesh This study will implement a strategy designed to prevent drowning deaths. The overall aim is to integrate a drowning-prevention component into community Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) interventions. The evaluation will assess the impact of a two-year intervention on cause-specific, under-5, child mortality and it will answer the following research question: Can provision of a community-based intervention by trained health workers in Bangladesh reduce drowning mortality...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Adnan Hyder
Community-based Surveillance to Estimate the Burden of Typhoid in Bangladeshi Children This JHU-ICDDR,B-Shishu Hospital study is a prospective community-based surveillance of 5,265 children 1 to 59 months old to provide an estimate of community-based incidence of typhoid fever in children under 5 years old in Mirzapur, Bangladesh, as a prelude to a conjugate typhoid vaccine trial. Surveillance being conducted through 2007.	Mirzapur, Bangladesh	Abdullah Baqui Robert Black
Community-Based Vct: Thailand In this study, Phase III of a community-level randomized controlled study, 32 communities in Africa (Tanzania, Zimbabwe and South Africa) and 14 communities in Thailand will be randomized to either a community-based HIV voluntary counseling and testing (CBVCT) intervention or a clinic-based standard voluntary counseling and testing program (SCVT). The CBVCT intervention incorporates three components: increasing the availability of community setting VCT; recruiting early testers as community...	Bangkok, Thailand	Chris Beyrer David Celentano Surinda Kawichai Carla Zelaya
Comparative Study of Depression and Hwabyung among Koreans with Cardiovascular Disease By 2030, the number of Asian Americans over the age of 65 is expected to increase nearly three-fold. The country''s 1.2 million Korean Americans make up one of the fastest growing groups of Asian Americans. Yet many older Korean Americans do not have health insurance and speak limited English, which creates barriers to accessing health care services. At the same time, risk factors for dementia, such as smoking and alcohol use, are high among Korean Americans. Through this project, we will...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Hochang Lee
Comparative Study of Different Sex Education and RH Counseling/Service Models Among Vocational School Students in Shanghai This four-year study of school-based interventions evaluates sex education and RH services at three matched vocational schools. Separate interventions were put in place at two schools, and the third school was a comparison school. The high-intensity intervention involves dissemination of education materials, class discussion and on-site counseling and service provision, while the low-intensity intervention involves only the dissemination of informational materials and class discussion.	Shanghai, China	Laurie Schwab Zabin
Comparing HIV infection to Other High Risk Conditions for Risk of Depression in Pregnancy Data on the prevalence and risk factors associated with depression during pregnancy present a mixed picture. A recent national survey of psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and postpartum found that pregnant women were less likely than non-pregnant women to be suffering from a mood disorder (Vesga-Lopez et al., 2008). However, the same study showed that women experiencing pregnancy complications were at increased risk for psychiatric disorders compared to other pregnant women. Mothers...	Porto Alegre, Brazil	Judith K. Bass
Computational Models Of Infectious Disease Threats Microbial threats, including bioterrorism and naturally emerging infectious diseases, pose a serious challenge to national security in the United States and to health worldwide. This proposal describes the creation of a center for computational modeling of infectious diseases at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, with the collaboration of key experts at the Brookings Institution, the National Aeronautic and Space Administration, the University of Maryland, and Imperial...	London, United Kingdom	Donald Burke
Contamination of Chao Praya River, Bangkok, Thailand, with Human Waterborne Protozoan Parasites This project is focused on identification of human waterborne protozoan pathogens in Chao Phraya River at the sites where the water is abstracted for drinking water production.	Bangkok, Thailand	Thaddeus Graczyk
CORE Initiative Uganda CORE initiative for youth, orphans and other vulnerable children in Uganda.	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Krenn
Cost-Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Interventions As programs to provide highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are scaled up in sub-Saharan Africa, achieving high rates of medication adherence will be necessary to maximize virologic and clinical outcomes. However, the cost-effectiveness of interventions aiming to increase adherence, particularly in the African setting, remains unknown. Development of a tool to estimate the cost-effectiveness of HAART adherence interventions could assist governments and donor agencies in deciding...	Cape Town, South Africa	David Bishai Jean B. Nachega
Cost-effectiveness of public-private partnerships for HIV infection Scaling up access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major challenge in Africa. Health care infrastructure in the public sector is variable, but everywhere in the region there is a shortage of skilled medical personnel. In many countries there are more medical practitioners in the private than in the public sector. A public-private partnership whereby public sector patients access private primary care doctors offers a potential solution to improve access to ART, but the cost-effectiveness...	Cape Town, South Africa	Jean B. Nachega
Costs of Obstetrical Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation This project will estimate the financial burden of the obstetrical complications experienced by women in Africa who have undergone female genital mutilation. The obstetrical consequences include higher rates of hemorrhage, perineal tearing, Cesarean section, blood transfusion and prolonged hospitalization	Khartoum, Sudan Accra, Ghana Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Lagos, Nigeria	David Bishai
CREATE - Ethics Component The CREATE mission is to reduce death and disease from TB in populations with high rates of HIV AIDS. Representing researchers, clinicians, policy makers, AIDS TB control programs, and the community at large, the CREATE Consortium is implementing research studies to assess the impact of bold, new public health paradigms for controlling the AIDS TB epidemic. During the next several years, CREATE hopes to transform global policies for TB HIV through evidence-based advocacy.	Lusaka, Zambia Cape Town, South Africa Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Johannesburg, South Africa	Nancy Kass
CREATE Biostatistics Core Supports TB community intervention trials in Brazil, South Africa, and Zambia	Brasilia, Brazil Lusaka, Zambia Cape Town, South Africa	Lawrence H. Moulton
Create New Tools to Accelerate the Eradication of Malaria: Using Bacteria to Contain the Spread of Malaria The study will modify bacteria that naturally inhabit the mosquito midgut to secrete proteins that interfere with the development of the malaria parasite in the mosquito that is necessary for malaria transmission.		Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena
Create New Vaccines for Diarrhea, HIV, Malaria, Pneumonia, and TB: Vaccine to Prevent Latent TB Infection The study will develop a novel vaccine for TB based on existing BCG vaccines modified to express a gene that is specific to latent TB in order to generate a robust immune response to a latent infection.		Gyanu Lamichhane
Create New Ways to Protect Against Infectious Disease:New Highly Potent Insect Repellents to Control Insect-Borne Disease Proteins known as TRP channels are responsible for coordinating sensations of taste, temperature, light and pheromones. This study will use high throughput screening to identify compounds that can activate these TRP channels in insect vectors of disease for use in a new generation of insect repellents.		Craig Montell
Cryptosporidiosis: Human, Animal, and Environmental Interface This project is focused on molecular genotyping of environmentally-derived isolates of Cryptosporidium oocysts that are virulent to human and therefore have public health importance.		Thaddeus Graczyk
Decreasing the use of unmodified electroconvulsive therapy in India Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for depression and in many patients is life-saving. However, its practice varies widely throughout the world. When it was introduced in the 1930s, it was administered without anesthesia (“unmodified”). However, with the increasing availability of anesthesia this practice disappeared in the United States by the 1950s. Reports from the pre-anesthesia period describe terrified patients resisting the therapy. Nonetheless, in many...	Lucknow, India	Thai Nguyen Irving Reti
Delivery of Iron and Zinc Supplements This is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled community trial of children 6-23 months in Mirzapur, Bangladesh. We will recruit and enroll 1000 children 6-23 months old who are permanent residents of the selected villages. Each child will be randomly assigned to 1) daily alternating zinc and placebo 2) daily alternating iron/folic acid and placebo 3) daily alternating zinc/iron/folic acid and placebo 4) daily alternating zinc and iron/folic acid 5) daily placebo. Primary outcomes...	Mirzapur, Bangladesh	Robert Black
Demographic Epidemiologic Surveillance Site The demographic epidemiologic surveillance site in ChiLinh-Hai district,Vietnam. This has recently been established in a community halfway between Hanoi and Haiphong focused on youth 15-24 years of age. The community is in transition from agrarian to an industrial economy and issues related to the impact of industrialization on the health and behaviors related to young people will be investigated over time. So too, this will be a site for developing model interventions that can then be...	Hanoi, Vietnam	Robert Blum
Design and Evaluation of Coordinated, Cost-Effective Health Services Delivery Systems for the Urban Poor in India Design and Evaluation of Coordinated, Cost-Effective Health Services Delivery Systems for the Urban Poor in India		Abdullah Baqui
Determinants and Reproductive Health Consequences of Domestic Violence in India Domestic violence represents the most pervasive form of violence which women experience globally. Despite increased attention to this issue over the last decade, understanding of its precipitating factors and consequences for women''s reproductive and mental health remains limited in developing countries. This proposal builds upon previous methodological and substantive work by the investigators to further explore the determinants and consequences of domestic violence in rural India, a...	Bihar, India	Saifuddin Ahmed Michelle Hindin
Determining the Burden of Maternal Ill Health and Death and its Programmatic Implications in Rural Bangladesh The aim of this study is to determine the burden of maternal ill health and death in rural Bangladesh and its programmatic implications through application of the REDUCE program based on Matlab community data on maternal morbidities and mortality, their consequences, impact and determinants, over a 15-year period.	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Marjorie Koblinsky
Developing a CEST reporter gene This grant aims to develop an MRI reporter gene based on amide-rich proteins that can be used for MRI cell tracking without the use of metal-based contrast agents.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jeff Bulte
Developing MPI for non-invasive and quantitative imaging of stem cells In collaboration with Philips Research Europe a new imaging technique will be developed based on the non-linear magnetization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. MPI-magnetic particle imaging-is not related to MRI, and enbales “hot spot” tracer imaging without anatomical background information. It will be tested (at high risk through the “EUREKA” grant mechanism) for quantitative non-invasive imaging of neural and mesenchymal stem cells in a rat transient cerebral ischemia model.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jeff Bulte
Development and Testing of Human Brucellosis Diagnostics in an Endemic Country Development and Testing of Human Brucellosis Diagnostics in an Endemic Country	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman Margaret Kosek
Development of a Malaria DNA Vaccine with Enhanced Immunogenicity Although DNA vaccines offer many advantages, their inability to elicit sustained protective immune responses in non-human primates and humans has been disappointing. Based on substantial evidence derived from tumor model systems and preliminary studies with a candidate Plasmodium yoelii vaccine, this proposal hypothesizes that an effective DNA-based vaccine against malaria can be developed by expressing malarial protein antigens as fusion proteins linked to chemokine ligands for receptors on...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Richard Markham
Development of an Innovate Tool for Emergency Care Surveillance in Karachi, Pakistan Most low and middle income countries lack data on the burden and epidemiology of emergent visits to local hospitals, the quality of care received in the Emergency Room, and the outcomes of those patients. Ongoing hospital based surveillance is critical for systematically collecting this information, with the longer-term goal of using this data to measure changes in outcomes with various interventions. This project, building on >20 years of collaboration between Johns Hopkins University and...	Karachi, Pakistan	Aruna Chandran
Development of Cross-Cultural Measures of Behavioral Regulation This project follows a similar methodology for developing measures of parental regulation of adolescent behaviors. Data come from five cultures: Thailand, Costa Rica and South Africa (black, white, colored).	Bangkok, Thailand San Jose, Costa Rica Pretoria, South Africa	Clea McNeely
Development of Measures of Coordination Using EHRs The goal of this Commonwealth Fund supported project is to develop national measures of care coordination in the ambulatory care setting based on electronic health records (EHRs) and other types of Health IT. This project is collaborative with the NCQA and the Park Nicollet Research Institute.	Washington, DC (US) Baltimore, MD (US) Minneapolis, MN (US)	Kitty S. Chan Jonathan Weiner
Diagnosis of active tuberculosis in HIV infected and uninfected young children in India Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of morbidity/mortality in HIV-infected individuals in India, which has among the world''''''''s highest burden of HIV and TB. Since children acquire HIV/TB from their caregivers, active TB is highly prevalent (14-67.5%) among HIV-infected young children in India - a vulnerable population, where lack of early detection/prevention of TB often has fatal consequences. Diagnosis of TB is particularly challenging in young children. Due to similar...	Pune, India	Robert Bollinger Jr. Robert Gilman Amita Gupta Sanjay Jain
Directly Administered HIV Therapy In Methodone Clinics Drug users constitute a majority of HIV-infected individuals in many poor urban areas in the U.S. Observational studies, including those from our working group, indicate that drug users underutilize antiretroviral therapy, have higher rates of non-adherence, and experience suboptimal treatment outcomes, compared to other HIV-infected demographic groups. Tuberculosis treatment with directly observed therapy (DOT) has proven effective in addressing issues currently being confronted in HIV...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Gregory Lucas
Dissection of the mosquito Aedes Aegypti’s immune responses to Dengue infection Dengue is arguably one of the most important arthropod-borne viral infections. It has been estimated that at least 2.5 billion people live in dengue-endemic areas and are at daily risk of infection (WHO). The increasing incidence in morbidity and mortality in the tropics and subtropics are only adding to the public health impact throughout the world. The innate immune system of arthropods has been shown to aggressively fight pathogen infections through the production of antimicrobial peptides...	Baltimore, MD (US)	George Dimopoulos Jose Ramirez
Diversity related Neuro-AIDS and Mental Health Research HIV infection of the nervous system frequently results in neuropsychiatric complications and is a major cause of disability in the HIV infected population. To date there is no effective treatment for the illness and is further complicated by the fact that this infection disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities. Several barriers need to be overcome if we want to make a significant impact on this illness. Not only do we need to understand the social and cultural diversities that...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Avindra Nath
Do Peer Counselors Promote Adherence to ARVs? This research project is a randomized intervention study that is comparing two HIV/AIDS care program models and involves 300 HIV-infected women recruited from the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. The study is evaluating compliance with anti-retroviral therapy (ARVs) recommendations by measuring drug adherence, regular clinic attendance at scheduled visits, and laboratory/clinical outcomes. The same standard of HIV/AIDS care is...	Kampala, Uganda	Laura Guay
DOT-HAART For HIV-Infected South African Adults The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of directly observed therapy (DOT) using patient-nominated peer supervisors as a strategy to improve adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected adults in South Africa. This country has the worst and fastest growing HIV epidemic in the world. The benefit of HAART has been shown both at the individual and public health levels by reducing morbidity, mortality, vertical and possibly...	Cape Town, South Africa	David Celentano Richard Chaisson Carl Latkin Jean B. Nachega
DOT-HAART for HIV-Infected South-African Adults In collaboration with colleagues at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in Cape Town, we are implementing a NIH/NIAID-sponsored Multicenter, community randomized, open-label trial comparing two treatment-adherence strategies in HIV-infected adults: *D4T/3TC or AZT/3TC BID + Efavirenz QD for 24 months with peer support by patient-nominated treatment supporter (i.e., family members or friends) to include directly observed therapy (DOT) vs. *D4T/3TC or AZT/3TC BID + Efavirenz QD, self...	Cape Town, South Africa	Jean B. Nachega
Dynamics of P. falciparum Population Diversity and Host Response in Pemban Children To analyze P. falciparum microsatellite data from blood samples and to characterize additional host protein alterations with the SELDI-MS system in case control pairs.	Pemba, Tanzania	David Sullivan
Effect of a sanitation & nutrition intervention on HIV-exposed infant health Each year, 200,000 infants are infected with HIV during breastfeeding, so the World Health Organization recommends that HIV-positive mothers stop breastfeeding to reduce this transmission. Unfortunately, not breastfeeding in resource-constrained settings is associated with high rates of diarrhea, poor growth, and death. This study will test provision of a nutrition, sanitation, and hygiene intervention as an approach to minimize HIV-exposure while also promoting growth and health in young...		Jean Humphrey
Effect of Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Fetal and Infant Mortality and Maternal Health in Bangladesh (JiVitA-3) JiVitA-3 is a double-masked, 36,000-pregnancy, randomized community trial planned to be carried out at the JiVitA research site in NW Bangladesh. JiVitA-3 will compare the effects of a micronutrient supplement containing an approximate Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) during pregnancy for 15 vitamins and minerals to a “standard of care” supplement containing iron and folic acid (“active control”). The primary aim will be to assess impact on six-month infant mortality, with a capability...	Gaibandha, Bangladesh	Parul Christian Rolf Klemm Alain B. Labrique Keith West, Jr.
Effect of community-wide isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis among South African gold miners. A project of Consortium to Respond Effectively to the AIDS-TB Epidemic (CREATE) Thibela means prevent in Sotho, the predominant language of the gold miners of South Africa. Thus, the study''''s name, Thibela TB, describes the study''''s purpose: to measure the maximum possible benefit of community-wide isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) on TB incidence and prevalence at a community level in a population with a high prevalence of HIV. Mine shafts (clusters) rather than individuals will be randomized to the intervention. The study will include 70,000 miners. The Thibela...	Carletonville, South Africa	Richard Chaisson
Effectiveness and Treatment of Community-IMCI with ARI Emphasis in NSDP Program Areas/Bangladesh This ICDDR,B/JHU study will simplify and adapt the generic Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) algorithms for use by community health workers (CHWs) in Bangladesh who are working in areas where both malaria and pneumonia are important causes of under-five mortality. This study will also evaluate the effectiveness of a system of community case management of pneumonia, diarrhea and other common childhood illnesses, incorporating behavior-change communication and strengthened...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Abdullah Baqui Robert Black Peter Winch
Effectiveness Of Hib Vaccine In Vellore India: A Case Control Study not provided	Vellore, India	Mark Steinhoff
Effectiveness of nevirapine in PMTCT when used a second time no abstract provided	Cape Town, South Africa	Neil Martinson
Effectiveness of Zinc in the Treatment of Diarrhea In 2004, WHO and UNICEF issued a joint statement recommending zinc for the treatment of acute diarrhea along with oral rehydration therapy. In support of the implementation of this recommendation, the introduction of this intervention is being initiated in 3 countries: Mali, India and Pakistan. These studies are now entering the third and final phase, in which zinc therapy for diarrhea will be introduced on a medium-to-large scale via health workers, including those based in communities,...	New Delhi, India Bamako, Mali Islamabad, Pakistan	Robert Black Peter Winch
Effector and Memory CD8+ T cells against malaria liver stages Characterization of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in protective immunity against liver stages of malaria parasites. Basic research on vaccine development.		Fidel P. Zavala
Effects of Male Circumcision (MC) in the Community, with Nested Clinical Research To assess the effects of male circumcision (MC) program roll out on HIV incidence in communities, on MC acceptance by men and women, and on behaviors in men and women. Nested research includes studies on post-MC surgical wound healing, post-surgical HIV shedding in HIV+ men who request and receive MC, and on markers of mucosal immunity in foreskins archived from HIV-negative and HIV+ men.	Rakai, Uganda	Ronald Gray Thomas Quinn Maria Wawer
Efficacy of oseltamivir in reducing the duration of clinical illness, viral shedding, and transmissibility reduction within households among participants in an influenza disease burden surveillance cohort in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh Influenza is a disease of global importance, having caused three pandemics in the 20th Century. Although concerns persist about a new pandemic, possibly from an avian influenza A strain, more people died during the 20th Century from seasonal epidemic influenza than from any single pandemic, thus global preparedness must address both epidemic and pandemic influenza. It is generally believed that if a pandemic emerges, an efficacious vaccine will either not be either generally available or...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	W. Abdullah Brooks
Efficacy of zinc in the treatment of outpatient pneumonia in an urban slum among children less than two years old This follows up work previously done in hospitalized children less than two years old with severe pneumonia who were supplemented with zinc during acute illness. That study found a 20% reduction in illness duration and hospitalisation, as well as a 3 – 9 fold reduction in treatment failure for children given zinc along with standard antimicrobial management. This study is now being replicated in at least two other sites in Asia, and possibly one in Africa. However, since most pneumonia is...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Robert Black W. Abdullah Brooks Mathuram Santosham
Efficacy of Zinc in the Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children 2 to 35 Months of Age ICDDR,B reported the results of a study on zinc in treating severe pneumonia. JHU tried to replicate that study in Vellore, India, with a similar design to Bangladesh (20 mg/day to treat severe pneumonia). The study found no harm, but no benefit. Further analysis indicated several differences between the two study populations: 1) prevalence of zinc deficiency was different; 2) India had a much longer pre-enrollment duration (which may mean there was not much time to have an effect, because...	New Delhi, India	Mathuram Santosham
Efficiency of Secondary Sewage Treatment Systems Center for Water and Health researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of wastewater treatment facilities in Western Ireland to remove Cryptosporidium and other human enteric pathogens.	Sligo, Ireland	Thaddeus Graczyk Kellogg J. Schwab
Egypt Communication for Healthy Living (CHL) Communication for Healthy Living (CHL) has 2 main objectives: 1) Provide cross-cutting communication support to achieve health impact, specifically in the areas of : FP/RH; MCH; Infectious disease control; Healthy lifestyles; Practices responding to health reform. 2) Develop institutional, technical, and financial leadership and systems to implement health communication programs in the public, NGO and commercial sectors, as well as to establish enduring public demand for good health.	Cairo, Egypt	Susan Krenn
Egypt Integrated Maternal Child Health, Family Planning, and Reproductive Health Work with Pathfinder International to implement the 2006-2011 Population and Health Strategy for USAID/Cairo, through the Integrated Maternal Child Health, Family Planning Reproductive Health (MCH/FP/RH) project. JHU/CCP will be responsible for Sub Result 3.2: Strengthened interpersonal communication skills of PCH, Hospital, NGO, and Outreach workers. In addition, CCP will propose an appropriate level of STTA, to be determined by Pathfinder International.	Cairo, Egypt	Susan Krenn
Enhancing capacity for AIDS Treatment Communication CCP (through the Health Communication Partnership) assists the Joint Clinical Research Centre (JCRC) and Ministry of Health to formulate and implement communication strategies that increase uptake and adherence to ART Communication efforts include a mass media campaign called “Treat for Life”; and capacity building for JCRC to improve their provision of quality patient centered adherence counseling at clinical and community levels.	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Krenn
Environmental And Genetic Risk Factors For Renal Function Decline End stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Strategies to prevent the renal function decline that can ultimately result in ESRD are essential. The impact of environmental exposures has received relatively little attention in this regard, despite the fact that exposures such as cadmium and lead are known renal toxicants that are stored long-term in the body and ubiquitous in humans. Therefore, this study is investigating a broad set of causes of renal...	Asan, South Korea	Bernard G. Jaar Byung-Kook Lee Brian Schwartz Virginia Weaver
Environmental Services Program - Indonesia CCP will work in USAID''''s five priority provinces to improve health and hygiene by implementing a strategic behavior change communication and advocacy strategy.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
Epidemiologic Strategies for Tuberculosis Control Innovative public health interventions are necessary to combat the syngergistic devastation emerging from the dual TB and HIV epidemics in many regions of the world. This proposal will build upon a strong, long-standing working relationship between the Johns Hopkins Center for TB Research and the Rio de Janeiro Health Department to train a highly qualified epidemiologist to become an independent public health researcher in international TB and HIV research and to become proficient at...	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Jonathan Golub
Epidemiology And Ecology Of Vibrio Cholerae In Bangladesh Cholera continues to be a major public health problem throughout the developing world. The primary objective of the original application was to test the hypothesis that environmental factors involving surface waters were responsible for the observed periodicity and pandemic nature of cholera. Data collected strongly suggest, but do not prove, that environmental factors are predictive of cholera outbreaks. Work will now focus on further defining the positive environmental associations that...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Richard Sack
Epidemiology of Bartonella sp in Brazilian blood donors and domestic animals Bartonella are fastidious, hemotropic bacteria, which cause long-lasting bacteremia in mammals and are transmitted by animal bites, scratches, or a variety of vectors including sand flies, body lice, fleas and ticks. Throughout the world, Bartonella species are considered emerging pathogens. In humans, Bartonella spp. are the causative agents of cat-scratch disease (CSD), bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis, and endocarditis. There is also evolving evidence that supports a potential...	Sao Paulo, Brazil	Diana Scorpio
Epidemiology of HIV and BBVs among IDUs in Tijuana To evaluate trends in the epidemiology of HIV, TB and syphilis among drug users in Tijuana, Mexico.	Tijuana, Mexico	Steffanie Strathdee
Epidemiology of Shigellosis in teh Peruvian Amazon The aim of this project is to determine dominant routes of transmission of shigellosis in a highly endemic setting by combining molecular typing of isolates obtained through the longitudinal surveillance of pediatric cohort and environmental sources.	Iquitos, Peru	Margaret Kosek Pablo Peñataro Yori
Estimating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) mortality among children < 5 years in Bangladesh RSV is believed to be the single most important cause of serious acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRI) in infants and young children in developed countries and is an important contributor to ALRI hospitalizations in developing countries. At present there are no treatment or preventive measures available for RSV in developing countries. Although RSV immunoprophylaxis is available for high-risk infants, its cost is too high for use in developing countries. The data on RSV associated...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	W. Abdullah Brooks
Estimating the burden of serious pneumococcal and meningococcal disease in older children and adults globally Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are leading causes of bacterial meningitis, sepsis, and other serious infections worldwide. Recent studies suggest an important role for vaccine-induced herd immunity as a means to prevent serious pneumococcal and meningococcal disease in unvaccinated children and adults. Thus, economic analyses that do not include herd immunity benefits of routine vaccination will underestimate the impact of the vaccine program, which may lead to delays in...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Hope L. Johnson
Ethiopia ARC Project Improve HIV/AIDS/STI/TB prevention and control IEC and Behavior Change Communication (BCC) efforts in Ethiopia through effective programs.	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Susan Krenn
Ethiopia: Improving the Skills of Health Workers (through the ACCESS Program) In Ethiopia, ACCESS is improving the quality of essential maternal and newborn health care (EMNC) services by building the capacity of training institutions for health workers. With ACCESS assistance, Health Officers (HOs) and Health Extension Workers (HEWs) are being trained in EMNC, including infection prevention practices in service delivery and linkages with HIV prevention, care and support services at the community level. In partnership with the Carter Center and other key...	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Koki Agarwal
Ethiopia: Strengthening HIV Services With funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Jhpiego has an extensive program in Ethiopia directed at improving the quality and access of HIV services. In this program, which began in 2003, Jhpiego’s partners are the Ministry of Health, International Training and Education Center on HIV (I-TECH), The Johns Hopkins University, Columbia University and University of California at San Diego. Currently, Jhpiego implements training activities in the prevention of mother-to...	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Alain Damiba
Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development The goal of the study is to describe the impact of repeated enteric infections on growth faltering, malnutrition and delayed child development. The primary hypothesis is that specific characteristics of the infections will impair gut integrity and lead to malnutrition. This is a cohort study to be conducted in 8 countries using a harmonized protocol. Each site will follow a birth cohort of 200 children until the age of 24 months, with diarrheal surveillance, questionnaires to characterize...	Iquitos, Peru	Robert Black Laura Caulfield Margaret Kosek Pablo Peñataro Yori
Evaluating MTV's Staying Alive This is an evaluation of MTV''''s "Staying Alive" media campaign.	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Nairobi, Kenya Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago	Dina L.G. Borzekowski
Evaluation of a Moxifloxacin-Based, Isoniazid-Sparing Regimen for Tuberculosis Treatment, TBTC Study 28 CDC funded multicenter study. Prospective, randomized Phase II clinical study of moxifloxacin-based regimen for intensive phase of active TB treatment. Collaborating institution: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Richard Chaisson Susan Dorman
Evaluation of a multiplexed in vitro immunoassay to detect viral infection in a clinical setting Diagnostic testing for the detection of influenza includes direct and indirect immunoflourescense assays (DFA, IFA), viral tissue culture, detection of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) by RT-PCR and commercially available rapid antigen tests. Currently, only rapid antigen tests can give results within 30 minutes and are thus clinically useful to a physician caring for a patient. Rapid antigen tests can determine influenza virus type (A versus B) but do not provide information on influenza A...		W. Abdullah Brooks
Evaluation of a pilot cluster-randomized mobile phone intervention used by peer educators in a rural antiretroviral care program in Rakai, Uganda (through the Rakai Health Sciences Program) To evaluate the feasibility of mobile phone technology used by peer educators as a strategy to facilitate communication and improve HIV care in a rural, resource-limited setting.	Rakai, Uganda	Robert Bollinger Jr. Alex Chang Larry Chang Ronald Gray Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds
Evaluation Of Anthelminthics And Multivitamins For Treatment Of Severe Anemia In Pregnant Women And Children In Pakistan The evaluation of anthelminthics and multivitamins for treatment of severe anemia in pregnant women and children in Karachi, Pakistan is referred to as the Pakistan Severe Anemia Treatment Trials (PSATT). PSATT is a randomized, double-masked, controlled trial testing the efficacy of two enhanced treatments for severe anemia compared to the standard of care. This study will determine the a) the effectiveness of the current recommendation for treatment of severe anemia and b) test the efficacy...	Karachi, Pakistan	Parul Christian Rolf Klemm
Evaluation of immunogenicity of malaria transmission blocking DNA vaccine in baboons We will evaluate P. falciparum transmission blocking DNA vaccine by a novel vaccine delivery platform (in vivo electroporation) in baboons. These studies will be done in collaboration with International Primate Center.	Nairobi, Kenya	Nirbhay Kumar
Evaluation of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) in Guatemala With the elimination of wild type polio from the Americas, the use of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is under consideration. The immunogenicity of IPV alone and sequential IPV/oral polio vaccine (OPV) vs. OPV only schedules are under evaluation.	Guatemala City, Guatemala	Neal Halsey
Evaluation of the Binax NOW S. pneumoniae test for use in blood of pneumonia patients in low- and middle-income countries Detection of pneumococcal pneumonia and sepsis in low- and middle-income countries is limited by the poor sensitivity of blood culture, the existing “gold standard” diagnostic method. The objective of this project is to evaluate whether the Binax NOW® Immuno-Chromatographic Test and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction for the pneumococcal LytA gene can enhance the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia and sepsis, improve incidence estimates, and facilitate evaluation of pneumococcal vaccines...	Bamako, Mali Sa Kaeo, Thailand	Jennifer Moisi
Evaluation of the Collective Impact on the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, & Malaria No abstract provided		Robert Black
Evaluation of the Control of HIV After a Prison Amnesty in Taiwan The injection of illicit drugs (IDU) is a major risk behavior for the transmission and acquisition of HIV-1 infection. Globally IDUs account for over 10% of persons with HIV/AIDS. However, in some areas in SE Asia and Eastern Europe, especially, injection drug use is the major behavior accounting for a rapidly expanding HIV epidemic. This situation is characteristic of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Taiwan in the past 3 years. Recently the numbers of reported cases of HIV/AIDS expanded...	Taipei, Taiwan	Kenrad Nelson
Evaluation of Yoghurt forticiation on devlopment in children Randomized Controlled Trial		Sunil Sazawal
Examination of the Role of Traditional Medicine for HIV/AIDS in India This is a pilot study, funded by the Samueli Institute for Information Biology, designed to examine the role of traditional Indian medicines and homeopathy for the management of HIV/AIDS and associated illnesses in India. No cost extension pending.	Pune, India	Amita Gupta
Examining HIV Risk, Relationship Power and Partner Violence in Cebu, Philippines The complex interplay between intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV risk requires further research, particularly in focusing on the dyadic factor of relationship power and its influence on IPV and HIV risk. With the long term goals of building a body of research that informs the development of interventions that address both IPV and HIV risk, the applicant proposes a cross-sectional mixed methods study, based in the Philippines and sampling young adults (male and female aged 20-24) and...	Cebu, Philippines	Marguerite Baty
Examining the Impact of Jalan Sesama on Indonesian Children In this project we will examine the impact of the Latino version of Sesame Street, Plaza Sesamo, on preschool children. We will consider the effect of outreach and/or television on children.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Dina L.G. Borzekowski
Exposures to mercury in small scale goldmining we are examining exposures to mercury among gold miners and fish consumers in Amazonian Brazil; outcomes include health status with an emphasis on interactions with malaria and other infectious diseases and assessment of molecular biomarkers for autoimmunity	Belem, Brazil	Ellen Silbergeld
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Among Gold Miners in South Africa Highly drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug- resistant (XDR) TB (collectively termed M/XDR-TB) represents a serious global threat to individual health, public health, and TB control, particularly in settings of high HIV prevalence. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology of M/XDR-TB, or optimal strategies for its detection, surveillance, clinical management, and prevention. Gold miners in South Africa have epidemic HIV infection and a...	Carletonville, South Africa	Susan Dorman
Factors affecting the heterosexual transmission of HIV among couples in Northern Thailand This is a study of 642 couples in whom the man was identified to be HIV positive when he donated blood at the Blood bank at the Thai Red Cross or Chiang Mai University Blood bank in Chiang Mai , Thailand. We have evaluated the risk factors associated with transmission of HIV from the infected man to his wife—and the viral , host genetic , behavioral and other co-factors related to transmission of HIV and progression/natural history of HIV in this population.	Bankok, Thailand	Kenrad Nelson
Factors influencing the care and treatment of HIV-1-infected children in rural Zambia. Identify factors that determine antiretroviral treatment initiation and response among HIV-1-infected children and adolescents in rural Zambia.	Lusaka, Zambia	William Moss
Family Planning Communication CCP (through the Health Communication Partnership) provides support to the Ministry of Health to increase the use of modern family planning methods. The specific goals are to: increase the proportion of men and women using modern family planning methods through men’s involvement in family planning decisions; improve client counseling and education; increase proportion of men and women who are educated about the relationship between family size and development.	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Krenn
Family Planning/ HIV Integration Website Expand and improve the resources for family planning and HIV/AIDS integration database within INFO. Promoting the use of integrated resources to inform and enhance policy, programs, and research efforts in low-resource settings.		Susan Krenn
Fathers Clubs in rural Haiti and impact on child health and survival This is a qualitative-quantitative study of some fathers'' support groups at a village level in the southwestern region of Haiti. They were instituted over 10 years ago for the purpose of improving child health outcomes in the area. This study will examine child health indicators such as immunizations, vitamin A supplementation, growth monitoring, and birth spacing.	Les Cayes, Haiti	Elizabeth Sloand
Feasibility Program (Phase I) Malaria Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Feasibility study for the development of a mosquito based malaria transmission-blocking vaccine.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Rhoel Dinglasan Diana Scorpio
Feeling Loved and Unloved Across Cultures This project seeks to develop cross-cultural measures of parent-adolescent connection using qualitative data from 12 cultures (Bosnia, Australia, Colombia, US, South Africa (black, white, colored), Germany, China, Bangladesh, India, Gaza).	Beijing, China Dhaka, Bangladesh Canberra, Australia New Delhi, India Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bogota, Colombia Berlin, Germany Baltimore, MD (US) Pretoria, South Africa Gaza City, Gaza Strip	Clea McNeely
Fever in Ugandan Outpatients: A Microbiological Survey of Causative Organisms and Clinical Determinants (through the Rakai Health Sciences Program) In malaria-endemic areas, fever is often assumed to stem from malaria. The objective of this study was to determine the microbiological causes of fever among HIV+ and HIV-Ugandans attending outpatient clinics. Adult subjects attending rural outpatient clinics Nov 1 2006-April 11 2007 with axillary/oral temp ?37.5°C underwent clinical evaluation and screening for malaria with Binax NOW malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and blood smear (BS) . Most subjects were HIV+, on Septrin prophylaxis...	Rakai, Uganda	Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds
Field Trials of Maternal Influenza Immunization in Asia and Africa: Mother’s Gift Trials To evaluate the impact of maternal influenza immunization during pregnancy on maternal and infantmorbidity through 6 months of age: trials in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.	Kathmandu, Nepal	Joanne Katz Mark Steinhoff James Tielsch
Five Year Evaluation of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, & Malaria No abstract provided		Peter Winch
Fogarty International Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research Training (ICTIRT) Injuries are one of the leading causes of global death and disability, especially in developing countries. The development of a sustainable research capacity within developing countries that will foster high quality and locally relevant research is a critical element of an optimal response to this high burden. The Johns Hopkins University (JHU) is pleased to collaborate with the Aga Khan University (AKU) in the development of an International Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research Training...	Karachi, Pakistan	Adnan Hyder Ellen MacKenzie
Follow-up Health and Nutrition Survey of Participants of Micronutrient Intervention Trials in Nepal from 1989 through 2001 In multiple intervention trial cohorts in southern Nepal, aged 6-8 yrs, 9-12 yrs and 16-22 years of age, to examine the long-term impact of various micronutrient supplement interventions provided as part of randomized, placebo-controlled trials during pregnancy (ie, in utero) and early childhood on long-term survival, growth, nutritional status, cognition, hearing, physiologic function (lung function, muscular strength) and early markers of chronic disease.	Kathmandu, Nepal	Parul Christian Joanne Katz Steven LeClerq James Tielsch Keith West, Jr.
Formative Research of Behavioral and Socio-Economic Factors Related to HIV Risk in DR Congo no abstract provided
Formative Research to Understand Key Barriers to Implementing a Farm to Table Program in the Navajo Nation The purpose of this study is to conduct formative research, among local farmers, school administrators/food service staff and small store owners living and working on the Navajo Nation (NN) in Arizona, to improve our understanding of the barriers to participation in F2T programs and identify possible solutions to these obstacles. We are particularly interested in the acceptability of and barriers to supplying local produce to American Indian (AI) children in the NN through schools and local...	Window Rock, AZ (US)	Sara N. Bleich Joel Gittelsohn
Framework for End-of-Life Care Consultation regarding the use of the theoretical framework for care at the end of life and negotiation about participation in an international statement on the ethics of nursing care at the end of life. I will be presenting the Conceptual Framework for End-of-Life Care and my research on decision making at the end of life at The World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Hospice and Palliative Care at the Catholic University of Korea in Seoul. I will also be exploring the...	Seoul, South Korea	Marie T. Nolan
Funding Small-Scale Research Projects in Reproductive Health in Pakistan This project provides funding for small-scale sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research projects in Pakistan, where there has been little emphasis on research and evidence-based decision making. This joint program, implemented through a Reproductive Health Research Working Group and organized by the Population Council, will also have the dual aim of building the capacity of junior RH researchers, in addition to filling the gaps in existing knowledge in the priority areas of RH. The grant...	Islamabad, Pakistan	Stan Becker
Future Health Systems: Innovations for Equity The Future Health Systems (FHS) research consortium was initiated in October 2005 with a five year grant from the Department for International Development (UK). The overall purpose of the FHS consortium is to use knowledge generated from FHS research to shape policy and programmes on health systems in the targeted countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Nigeria, and Uganda). In seeking to identify how future health systems can better serve disadvantaged people, the consortium will...	Beijing, China Kampala, Uganda Dhaka, Bangladesh Kabul, Afghanistan Ibadan, Nigeria	David Peters
Gates Grand Challenge - 13 Population Health Metrics Consortium-Developing technologies to assess population health Gates Grand Challenge-13 Population Health Metrics Consortium-Developing technologies to assess population health, Gates Foundation		Abdullah Baqui
Gates Maternal And Infant Immunization, Dhaka, Bangladesh no abstract available	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Mark Steinhoff
Gay, Bisexual, and MSM in Moscow, Russia: Identity, Health Risks, and Stigma This study is an epidemiologic investigation of identity, health risks, and stigma among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (GB & MSM) in Moscow, Russia. The study goals are to explore the emerging identities among these men; optimize epidemiologic approaches to researching their health risks and health seeking behaviors; optimize recruitment methods for hard to reach subsets so as to bring them in for HIV/STI counseling and testing; and to understand the role that self, experienced...	Moscow, Russia	Chris Beyrer
Gene Regulation and Virulence in TB and MAC Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two pathogens that have developed a terrifyingly successful relationship. Tuberculosis accounts for up to a third of AIDS-related deaths worldwide, and nearly one quarter of deaths from TB occur in the context of HIV co-infection. It is the rampant spread of HIV among populations with a high incidence of latent TB infection that has spawned this global catastrophe. The overall focus of the research proposed here is to...	Baltimore, MD (US)	William Bishai
Genetic basis of WNV vector competence in Culex tarsalis Knowledge of how the genetics of vector populations condition the spread of arboviruses is critical for understanding dynamics of disease incidence, development of risk assessment strategies for novel virus introductions and development of virus transmission biomarkers that can be used to efficiently target control efforts. Since its introduction in 1999, West Nile Virus (WNV) has spread completely across the contiguous United States and has been responsible for over 23,000 confirmed human...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jason L. Rasgon
Genetic susceptibility to leishmaniasis A family based study of genetic susceptibility to visceral, cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in Brazil. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection spread by a sandfly.	Natal, Brazil	Priya Duggal
Genetics of Asthma Severity and Lung Function Decline Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs characterized by episodic respiratory symptoms. Until recently, asthma was considered an essentially reversible disorder, but chronic airway inflammation in asthma is now thought to lead to structural alterations and irreversibility. Evidence suggests that individuals with more severe asthma have increased airway remodeling. In addition, several studies show that individuals with asthma suffer an accelerated decline in lung function...	Bridgetown, Barbados	Gregory Diette Nadia Hansel
Genetics of Malnutrition and Enteric Disease A genomewide association study of susceptibility to enteric infections and malnutrition in the developing world.	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Priya Duggal
Geriatric medical training The Division of Geriatric Medicine is creating a joint program with Peking Union Medical School to train their faculty in geriatric medicine.	Peking, China	Linda P. Fried
Geriatrics Program Development at Peking Union Medical College in China This is international program development project, funded by the China Medical Board, is to develop a leadership geriatrics and aging reseearch program at Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), a premier medical institution in China. It is a collaboartive effort between Johns Hopkins Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (PI: Dr. Sean Leng) and PUMC Department of Medicine.		Sean Leng
Ghana: Expanding Maternal and Neonatal Health Activities (through the ACCESS Program) The ACCESS Program in Ghana builds on current Maternal and Neonatal Health (MNH) activities being carried out by the USAID-supported Quality Health Partners (QHP) program. Drawing on the efforts of Jhpiego—a key QHP partner—to improve the preservice education of health service providers, ACCESS aims to ensure the quality of MNH services in health facilities as well as to improve community awareness of birth preparedness and danger signs. To do this, ACCESS is working to translate existing...	Accra, Ghana	Koki Agarwal
Ghana: Quality Health Partners Program The Quality Health Partners (QHP) program is a five-year, U.S. Agency for International Development-funded program aimed at improving health outcomes for Ghanaians, particularly in the areas of reproductive and child health. The QHP team—EngenderHealth, Jhpiego and Abt Associates—provides evidence-based support to the Ministry of Health/Ghana Health Service and a range of private institutions at the national, regional, district and sub-district levels in 30 of Ghana’s most deprived districts....	Accra, Ghana	Alain Damiba
Global Burden of Disease The overall objectives of the project are to 1. Conduct a systematic review and analysis of all data pertaining to specific conditions 2. Estimate age- and sex-specific overall mortality for each of the regions 3. Estimate cause-specific mortality for each of the regions 4. Determine he disability weights for specific conditions 5. Estimate attributable burden of disability and mortality from leading risk factors 6. Harmonize the disease, injury and risk factor estimates 7. Produce a...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Robert Black
Global Disease Research Training in Peru This training grant utilizes the existing research infrastructure that is already available in Peru to train and expand the capabilities of scientists and health professionals from developing countries to engage in infectious disease research. This well established program of over 20 years has already trained over 45 Peruvians and 200 students from other nations. In Peru a mentor program will be used to train students in research methodology. The specific aims are to (1) train two students...	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman
Global Health Partnership between UCSD and SDSU To develop infrastructure for a global health program at the University of California San Diego and San Diego State University, with an emphasis on border health training.	San Diego, CA (US)	Steffanie Strathdee
Global Research Activity Purpose: As part of the new Health Research Program (HaRP) commitment to accelerating research and the translation/introduction of research into use, the Global Research Activity (GRA) is a newly awarded leader with associate cooperative agreement that has the capability to conduct multidisciplinary, multi-country research, evaluations, operations research, and introductory activities with a wide range of existing and new partners/institutions to develop and test new/refined tools,...		Robert Black Mathuram Santosham Keith West, Jr.
Global Tobacco Research Network The GTRN focuses on network theory and analysis methods that could lead to a better understanding of tobacco control networking by conducting network analysis through combining theories and approaches from the social, physical, and engineering sciences, with practical tobacco control capacity building activities, in order to support the further development of networking among tobacco control researchers. An interactive website for tobacco control researchers around the world including an...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Frances Stillman Heather Wipfli
Glycobiological Analysis of Plasmodium-Vector Host Interactions An understanding of not only protein-protein but protein-glycan interactions are needed before we can completely dissect the molecular mechanisms involved in Plasmodium ookinete invasion of the mosquito midgut. Objectives: Functional analyses of mosquito midgut glycoconjugates during Plasmodium invasion through RNAi knock-down of mosquito midgut and salivary gland glycosyl- and sulfo-transferases, and b) proteomic identification by mass spectrometry of mosquito core polypeptides to which the...	Bangkok, Thailand Boston, MA (US)	Rhoel Dinglasan
Gorges Research Institute The long-term goal of the Gorgas-Hopkins collaboration is the development of sustainable research and training capacities in Panama. The efforts of Hopkins - Gorgas collaboration focus on four general areas: 1) HIV diagnostics and clinical care, 2) Influenza pandemic preparedness, 3) Health care education, and 4) Tobacco control. The Gorgas Institute in Panama (Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud: Republica de Panama), founded in 1921, is a public health institution...	Panama City, Panama	Mark Shaver
Growing Talent - Role Based Succession Planning for Governem Extending concepts from the career pathway in Public Health Nutrition into a more generalized succession planning methodology for governmental agencies. Training workshops, workbook, and monitoring tools developed.		Henry Taylor
Guinea: Expanding Postabortion Care and Family Planning Services (through the ACCESS Program) ACCESS supports USAID/Guinea’s 1998-2005 Country Strategic objective (increased use of FP/MCH and STI/AIDS prevention services and products) through the provision of technical assistance to expand postabortion care (PAC) services to Guinea’s Forest Region. Simultaneously, with funds leveraged from UNFPA, Jhpiego—the lead partner on the ACCESS Program—supports the integration of PAC services into five high-volume urban medical centers in Conakry, coupled with the application of a performance...	Conakry, Guinea	Koki Agarwal
Guyana: Cervical Cancer Prevention With funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development under the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Jhpiego is implementing a program for cervical cancer prevention in Guyana. The program, which is being carried out under the ACCESS-FP Program, uses a single visit approach during which providers conduct visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid, followed by cryotherapy if lesions are identified. Jhpiego is working to set up these cervical cancer prevention services at...	Georgetown, Guyana New Amsterdam, Guyana	Alain Damiba
Haiti: Strengthening Maternal and Newborn Health and Family Planning (through the ACCESS Program) The ACCESS programs in Haiti aim to strengthen family planning (FP) services through a range of interventions and increase the timely use of key maternal and newborn health (MNH) practices, including the prevention and treatment of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). In addition to advocacy and policy formulation, the programs provide training and support the development and reinforcement of clinical standards. ACCESS is developing institutional and human capacity in Haitian...	Port-au-Prince, Haiti	Koki Agarwal
Health and Economic Benefits of a Large Scale Safe Water Program Health and economic benefits of a large scale safe water program in Indonesia.	Jakarta, Indonesia	Susan Krenn
Health Communication Partnership HCP is a partnership with AED, Save the Children , The International HIV/AIDS Alliance, Tulane University''''s School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. HCP''''s goal is to strengthen public health in the developing world through strategic communication programs. Through its strategic approach to communication, HCP and its partners work to create an environment that supports individuals, families, and communities to act positively for their own health and to advocate for and have access...		Susan Krenn
Health Communication Partnership in Zambia 4 strategic approaches. 1) Strengthen the capacity of communities to identify, plan, & implement activities to address priority health and social needs. 2) Mobilize and support Faith-based (and other local/traditional) organizations to develop, and adapt where appropriate, evidence-based strategies for improving health and social outcomes in Zambia. 3) Mobilize and support youth to make positive life choices and contribute to improved health within their families and communities. 4)...	Lusaka, Zambia	Susan Krenn
Health Impact Of Improving Water In Afghanistan no abstract provided	Kabul, Afghanistan	Gilbert Burnham Leslie Roberts
Health Marketing Initiative In Uganda - AFFORD The AFFORD program is a five-year health marketing program in Kampala, Uganda. CCP as prime is partnering with the Futures Group, the Malaria Consortium, DCFU, PULSE, and Aclaim in order to manage program activities and establish an independent Ugandan entity, the Uganda Health Management Group (UHMG).	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Krenn
Health Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes The goal of this project is to explore the benefits and risks of bariatric surgery in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.	DC, DC (US)	Sara N. Bleich Jeanne M. Clark Jodi Beth Segal Jonathan Weiner
Health Research Challenge for Impact xxx		Robert Black
Health sector reform in Romania no abstract provided	Bucharest, Romania	Christopher B. Forrest
Health Survey of Nord-Trondelag County (HUNT II) The second Health Survey of Nord-Trondelag County (HUNT II) is a large, population-based survey conducted in central Norway during August 1995 through July 1997. Every individual in the county age 20 years or older was invited to participate (n=92,939), and 70.4% (65,181) participated. The survey consisted of a series of questionnaires (health status, family history, socioeconomic status, medication use), a clinical examination (anthropometry, blood pressure), and blood and urine collection...	Steinkjer, Norway	Brad Astor Josef Coresh
Health Volunteers Overseas I am on the Anesthesia Board of Directors for Health Volunteers Overseas, an organization whose mission is to improve third world healthcare through education of local people. I spent 5 weeks in Tanzania, Africa, teaching anesthesia to anesthestist students at Bugando Medical Center in Mwanza, Tanzania in February 2004.	Mwanza, Tanzania	Jamie Schwartz
Healthcare Informatics no abstract provided	Havana, Cuba	Patricia Abbott
Healthy Russia 2020 To support USAID''s technical projects dedicated to women''s and infants'' health, HIV/AIDS/STI, TB, and US/Russia health partnerships.	Irkutsk, Russia Ivanovo, Russia Orenburg, Russia Saratov, Russia	Susan Krenn
Hepatitis B treatment and HIV Infection in resources limited settings Chronic hepatitis B (CH-B), which is the leading cause of end stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, affects an estimated 10% of HIV-infected persons. The current options for treating CH- B have poor efficacy. As antiretroviral therapy is introduced into areas with the greatest burden of CH-B, it is important to determine the treatment for HBV in the HIV-infected person. To this end, the overall hypothesis tested in this proposal is that an anti-HBV regimen that has...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Chloe Thio
Hib Vaccination Assessment in Bangladesh Abstract is not available	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Abdullah Baqui
History of Epidemics in China Book manuscript titled "Speaking of Epidemics: New Genres and Currents of Learning in Qing Medicine (1644-1911)."	Beijing, China	Marta Hanson
HIV and Child Sexual Abuse in Zambia: An Intervention Feasibility Study Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a devastating experience that has negative short and long-term consequences on the psychological and physical well-being of youth, leading to risky sexual behaviors that increase HIV risk. Most HIV prevention programs consist of education and behavioral interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviors. Recent research suggests that many HIV prevention programs are not as effective for those with sexual abuse histories and emphasizes the need to address CSA in...	Lusaka, Zambia	Laura Murray
HIV and Perinatal Depression in Brazil Given the high global co-morbidity of HIV and major depressive disorder (MDD), understanding the negative synergistic effects of these two disabling conditions is increasingly important as comprehensive HIV care moves beyond biomedical concerns to include concurrent treatment of mental disorders. Our long-term research program uses perinatal depression (PD) in HIV-infected mothers in southern Brazil as an initial paradigm for intervention studies of the interaction of HIV and MDD. Brazil...	Porto Alegre, Brazil Caxias, Brazil	Judith K. Bass
HIV and Related High Risk Behaviors Among Commercial Sex Male Clients in China The long-term goals of the project are to (1) Characterize HIV-related high-risk behaviors (heterosexual, drug abuse, homosexual) among commercial sex male clients (CSMCs) population; determine the prevalence and interacting effect of these behaviors, and identify associated factors from both community and individual level. (2) Determine, through the community-based research, HIV prevalence and incidence among CSMCs. Identify the risk and mechanisms of spreading HIV/STD through this "bridge"...	Mianyang, China	Cunlin Wang
HIV and Substance Abuse The study will focus on long-term treatment and outcomes of HIV-infection in IDUs, and on co-morbidity such as hepatitis C. In addition, new collaborative efforts will provide new resources for research and mentoring. These include a new HIV primary care clinic on-site within a substance abuse treatment facility where intervention strategies to improve care and outcomes are being assessed; A longitudinal cohort from a multisite U.S. network of HIV providers will provide opportunities to...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Richard Moore
HIV Dementia in Uganda: Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy STUDY RATIONALE: To date, over 16 million people in Africa have died of AIDS and approximately 26.6 million or almost 70% of the world''''s total of HIV-infected people reside in Sub-Saharan Africa. Given that 40 million people globally are HIV seropositive as of the end of 2003, HIV dementia (HIV-D) has likely become the most common form of dementia among young adults world-wide, and along with Alzheimer''''s disease and vascular dementia among the most common forms of dementia. Yet, little...	Kampala, Uganda	Thomas Quinn Ned Sacktor Richard Skolasky
HIV prevention with drug users in Russia Intravenous drug use (IDU) enables the HIV epidemic in Russia; over 90% of all HIV infections occur in communities of IDUs Russia and other countries where IDLJ is a major HIV transmission route need to identify low-cost, sustainable methods of HIV prevention. In St. Petersburg, HIV prevalence in IDUs (-100,000) leapt from 4% in 1999, to 12% in 2000 and approximately 50% in early 2002. Using the research infrastructure provided by our NIAID/Fogarty-funded HIV Prevention Trials Network Unit in...	Saint Petersburg, Russia	Carl Latkin
HIV risk among drug users in Lithuania HIV risk among drug users in Lithuania	Vilnius, Lithuania	Carl Latkin
HIV testing in Jamaican Prisons We are conducting a situational analysis and providing technical assistance and evaluation for the implimentation of an HIV Testing, Treatment, and Care Program in Tower Street Correctional Facility in Kingston, Jamaica.	Kingston, Jamaica	Katherine Andrinopoulos Jonathan Ellen
HIV Vaccines on Latent Reservoirs in Young Adults on HAART More than forty million individuals worldwide are infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) improves survival, but the complex regimen must be lifelong due to persistence of HIV-1 in viral reservoirs (resting CD4+ T cells) and in plasma (viremia). The Vaccine Research Center (VRC) at the NIH and the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) will soon begin multi-center clinical trials testing a therapeutic vaccine approach as an...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Deborah Persaud
HIV-1 chemoprophylaxis and archived drug resistance in infants Nearly three million children worldwide have human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)/AIDS, and most live in sub-Saharan Africa where access to antiretroviral drugs is limited. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces disease progression and mortality, but in low-income countries often the only HAART option is combination therapy with nevirapine (NVP). Single-dose NVP (SD-NVP) is also commonly used to prevent peripartum HIV-1 transmission, but it causes rapid selection of NVP...		Deborah Persaud
HIV-1 Prevention Trials Network - Laboratory Core Dr. Eshleman currently serves as Head of the Virology Core of this international HIV Prevention Network. A proposal to continue funding of this network is under consideration at the NIH. If continued funding for the HPTN is approved, Dr. Eshleman would serve as PI of the HPTN Network Laboratory, as well as Director of the HPTN Virology Core. Dr. Eshleman currently serves as Virologist/HPTN Central Lab. Rep. for HIVNET 012 and 023, and for HPTN 046, 050, 052, 057, 059. Her participation in...	Harare, Zimbabwe New Delhi, India Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Susan Eshleman
HIV/AIDS Communication Support Program The Health Communication Partnership (HCP) based at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, is currently implementing a communication program in Maharashtra State under the Avert Project. HCP facilitated the development of a statewide communication strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment with participation of all stakeholders. Behavior Change Communication (BCC) and Advocacy are the core approaches of the HIV/ AIDS prevention, care and treatment program in...	Mumbai, India	Susan Krenn
Hiv/Aids Prevention Through Abstinence And Health Choices For Youth (Ark) Conduct activities as described in the Proposal entitled "Abstinence and Risk Avoidance for Youth (ARK) Initiative for Haiti, Kenya and Tanzania. The Subagreement’s official title is "Support to HIV/AIDS Prevention through Abstinence and Behavior Change for Youth."	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Port-au-Prince, Haiti Nairobi, Kenya	Susan Krenn
Hopkins/Brazil HIV Conference We host a 3 day conference on HIV infection every other year for Brazilian physicians, the attendance is usually 800-1000. I was originally the scientific coordinator and am now the conference president.	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Joel Gallant
Hormones in Umbilical Cord Blood Study (HUB) The purpose of the HUB Study was to evaluate whether umbilical cord blood hormone and growth factor concentrations differ by race, and if so, whether the direction of the difference could explain, in part, the observed racial disparity in prostate and breast cancer incidence and mortality rates. The HUB Study was conducted as a pilot project as part of the Howard University Cancer Center and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Partnership.		Elizabeth A. Platz
Hospital based human influenza surveillance in Bangladesh: Identifying pandemic risk The objectives of this influenza surveillance are to identify individuals and clusters of people presenting to hospitals with life threatening influenza virus infections and to characterize the diversity of influenza strains circulating in Bangladesh. It also characterises the epidemiology of influenza in the country as a whole and complements ongoing population-based surveillance in Dhaka.	Dhaka, Bangladesh	W. Abdullah Brooks
Hospital based surveillance for acute infectious neurological disease no abstracted provided	Guatemala City, Guatemala	Erica Dueger
Hospital Punta Pacifica Hospital Punta Pacifica (PPH) is the first facility affiliated with Johns Hopkins Medicine International in the Latin American and Caribbean region. The facility celebrated its official grand opening on March 13, 2006. Representatives from the Panamanian Government, Johns Hopkins, and PPH were on hand to celebrate the opening. The relationship began in 1999 with the major goal of building a state-of-the-art health care facility to benefit the people of Panama and surrounding region....	Panama City, Panama	Patrick Byrne Mark Shaver
Host Genetic Epidemiology in HIV-1 Discordant African Couples and Other Cohorts Human genetic polymorphism influences the occurrence and evolution of HIV-1 infection. This project addresses the Office of AIDS Research 2007 goal of identifying genetic factors that explain highly variable responses to the infection and its sequelae. Genetic determinants will be studied primarily in infectied and susceptible populations in Zambia, Rwanda and Uganda and secondarily in established HIV/AIDS cohorts of European ancestry. A unique assembly of 1200 heterosexually active African...	Rakai, Uganda	Ronald Gray
HPTN 052- A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy Plus HIV Primary Care versus HIV Primary Care Alone to Prevent the Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 in Serodiscordant Couples HPTN 052 is a Phase III, two-arm, multi-site, randomized trial to determine the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV in HIV-serodiscordant couples. Based on data collected in Africa and Thailand, there is a correlation between HIV viral load (blood levels) and HIV transmission. Specifically, the higher the viral load in the blood, the more likely the chance for transmission. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the viral load in the blood...	Lilongwe, Malawi Harare, Zimbabwe Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Pune, India Blantyre, Malawi Chiang Mai, Thailand Chennai, India Porto Alegre, Brazil Boston, MA (US)	David Celentano Joel Gallant
HPTN 052: A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy Plus HIV Primary Care versus HIV Primary Care Alone to Prevent the Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 in Serodiscordant Couples HPTN 052 is a Phase III, two-arm, multi-site, randomized trial to determine the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV in HIV-serodiscordant couples. As part of the National AIDS Research Institute's CTU, the primary objective of this study is to compare rates of HIV infection among partners of HIV-infected index participants in the two arms. Serodiscordant couples in which the HIV-infected index participant is ART-naïve and has a CD4+ cell...	Pune, India	Robert Bollinger Jr. Amita Gupta Shruti Mehta Louise Walshe
Human embryonic stem cell-derived neurospheres for treatment of multiple sclerosis Human ES-derived neurospheres are being used to ameliorate the neurological disease score in mice with EAE and lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation and demyelination, with MR and bioluminescent monitoring of remyelination, cell movements, and cell survival.	Baltimore, MD (US) Jerusalem, Israel	Jeff Bulte
Human Reservoirs of Plasmodium Vivax Transmission in the Peruvian Amazon The long-term goal of this project is to determine the specific epidemiological characteristics of P. vivax transmission in the Peruvian Amazon region towards the rational deployment of a transmission-blocking vaccine.	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman Margaret Kosek
Human Rights Violations and HIV Related Outcomes among Men who have Sex with Men in Nepal Relationships between exposure to human rights violations and health behaviors and outcomes have not been adequately examined. Consideration of the human rights dimension is necessary for a more complete understanding of the complex interaction between HIV related risk behaviors and societal, community, relationship, and individual factors. We aim to determine the association between human rights violations and HIV related health behavior among men who have sex with men in Khatmandu, Nepal....	Khatmandu, Nepal	Luke C. Mullany Sonal Singh
Identification and Enumeration of Pathogens in Drinking Water CWH researchers are using polymerase chain reaction and mass spectrometry technologies to develop a microbial isolation and detection protocol for quantitative and qualitative identification of waterborne pathogens such as E.coli, Norovirus and Cryptosporidium.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Kellogg J. Schwab
Image-guided encapsulated cell therapy using multimodal nanoparticles Gadolinium-gold nanoparticles are being used to synthesize semi-permeable microcapsules immunoprotecting pancreatic beta cells. The capsules are visible with three modalities: MRI, X-ray/CT, and ultrasound.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jeff Bulte
Immune landscapes of human influenza in southern China The goal of this work is to characterize immunological profiles to human influenza in space and time among individuals living in Guangdong province, China, and to build computational models that capture the transmission dynamics that could create the specific distributions observed.	Guangzhou, China	Derek Cummings Justin Lessler
Immune Reconstitution Of HIV-1 Infected Zambian Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy We propose to build upon our studies of measles and measles vaccination in HIV-1-infected children in Lusaka, Zambia to characterize measles virus-specific immune reconstitution and immunologic memory in Zambian children initiating ART. Zambia has one of the highest HIV-1 prevalence rates in the world and is scaling-up the use of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1-infected children. We will conduct a prospective, observational cohort study of HIV-1-infected children initiating ART at public...	Lusaka, Zambia	Diane Griffin William Moss Martin Ota
Immunopathogenesis Of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen in the world, causing serious adverse events on womens reproductive health including complications of pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. The objectives of this project are to define the epidemiology, risk factors, transmission kinetics, and pathogenesis of C. trachomatis infections in different population settings and in different disease states. In a multi-center international trial of 5,000...	Harare, Zimbabwe Lima, Peru Moscow, Russia Chennai, India Nanjing, China Baltimore, MD (US)	Charlotte Gaydos Thomas Quinn Anne Rompalo Sheila West Jonathan Zenilman
IMPAACT Network Virology Specialty Laboratory The major goal of this contract is to provide support for clinical trials in the IMPAACT Network in terms of virologic assay support and intellectual input in protocol design and analysis.	Kampala, Uganda	Susan Eshleman
Impact And Cost-Effectiveness Of Mycobacteria Growth Indicate Tube (Mgit) For Detection Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In HIV-Infected Adults In Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Demonstration-phase research. Clinical study to determine cost-effectiveness of MGIT for detection of TB in HIV-positive adults in Brazil, and to determine impact of MGIT(on morbidity, mortality, and TB incidence) if routinely implemented for TB diagnosis in HIV-positive adults in Brazil.	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	Susan Dorman
Impact evaluation component of Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health rapid scale-up in Africa Impact evaluation component of Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health rapid scale-up in Africa	Maputo, Mozambique Blantyre, Malawi Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso	Abdullah Baqui
Impact evaluation of Africa scale-up: PMNCH-GATES The overall goal is to reduce maternal, newborn and child mortality in high-mortality countries in Africa and lay the foundation for concerted, coordinated actions to reduce maternal, newborn and child mortality in Asia.	Maputo, Mozambique	Robert Black Jennifer Bryce
Impact of a new, cheaper female condom no abstract provided	Brasilia, Brazil Cape Town, South Africa	David R. Holtgrave
Impact of iron and zinc supplementation on development in Nepalese children Research has shown a link between iron and zinc deficiencies and adverse cognitive and behavioral outcomes. However, data from randomized trials are inconclusive. Recent studies from the Sarlahi district of Nepal indicate that approximately 40% of children are iron deficient and over half have some degree of zinc deficiency. The main objective of our study is to 1) estimate the treatment effects of iron and zinc supplementation on temperament, feeding interactions, and language skills in...	Malangwa, Nepal	Joanne Katz Laura Murray-Kolb Pamela Surkan James Tielsch
Impact of Malnutrition on HIV Treatment Failure in Resource-Limited Settings Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected persons worldwide. However, early treatment failure (i.e. WHO stage 3 or 4 illnesses or death during the first 12 months of HAART) is >3-fold higher in resource limited settings (RLS) than in resource-rich settings. Early treatment failure is associated with low CD4 count, low body mass index, and anemia, but these markers are nonspecific and could reflect advanced HIV, co-infections, and/or...	Lilongwe, Malawi Harare, Zimbabwe Port-au-Prince, Haiti Pune, India Johannesburg, South Africa Porto Alegre, Brazil	Adriana Andrade Robert Bollinger Jr. Parul Christian Amita Gupta David Thomas
Impact of Moringa oleifera supplementation on the nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS Collaboration with colleagues in Democratic Republic of Congo	Brazzaville, Congo	Jed Fahey
Impact of population movement and foraging behavior of Anopheles arabiensis The two aims of this proposal are focused on the assessing the response of An. arabiensis to human- and ecologically-induced habitat changes. Specific Aim 1 will determine the effects of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) on foraging behavior and age structure of An. arabiensis, and the goal of Specific Aim 2 is to characterize population movement and community structure of An. arabiensis in the catchment region of the Macha Mission Hospital by examining the refugia hypothesis and micro...	Macha, Zambia	Gregory Glass Douglas Norris
Impact of TB Preventive Therapy for HIV/TB Co-infected Patients with Access to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Phased Implementation Trial. A project of Consortium to Respond Effectively to the AIDS-TB Epidemic (CREATE) The THRio study is designed to determine whether the routine detection and treatment of TB infection found in HIV infected patients in HIV clinics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, reduces TB incidence in the clinic population receiving HIV care. Involving an estimated 15,000 clinic patients, the intervention consists of implementing a comprehensive policy of screening for and treating latent TB infection in all HIV-infected patients. The trial takes a phased-implementation approach to ensure that...	Rio De Janeiro, Brazil	David Bishai Richard Chaisson Jonathan Golub Jeanne Keruly Richard Moore Lawrence H. Moulton
Impact of Umbilical Cord Cleansing with Chlorhexidine on Neonatal Mortality and OMphalitis in Rural Sylhet District of Bangladesh This two-phase study will evaluate the impact of umbilical cord cleansing with chlorhexidine in Sylhet District, Bangladesh. The design and methods for this study will build upon the already existing infrastructure and capacity of personnel currently working in Projahnmo, thus providing considerable cost savings. The first phase of this project will entail two distinct activities: a) scaling up of essential newborn care activities currently being evaluated to the entire Sylhet trial areas...	Sylhet, Bangladesh	Abdullah Baqui Robert Black Luke C. Mullany
Implementation of the Policy on Diarrhea Management The current proposal is deemed to work towards a scale up and planning process in different parts of India through a consultative process. The Society for Essential Health Action and Training (SEHAT) proposes to conduct a series of meetings in partnership with other stakeholders that will help develop a framework for scaling up. The objectives of these meetings will be to address different issues in scaling up of a strategy to administer zinc to children with acute diarrhea.	Delhi, India	Robert Black
Improving the Efficacy of Wastewater-polishing Reed-beds The project is focused on the efficacy of Cryptosporidium oocyst removal by tertiary wastewater treatment.		Thaddeus Graczyk
InCHIANTI Study The InCHIANTI Study (Invecchiare in Chianti, "Aging in the Chianti Area") is an NIH-funded, population-based prospective study of the causes of mobility disability among older adults. The study is conducted in the Tuscany region of Italy. The role of a Mediterranean type of diet, physical activity, and other risk factors are being evaluated in relation to adverse aging outcomes. The study is currently in the ninth year of follow-up. The investigators include Dr. Stefania Bandinelli of the...	Florence, Italy	Richard Semba
Incidence and Determinants of Post Myocardial Infarction Sudden Cardiac Death in South India Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in India. Mortality from coronary artery disease (CAD) alone is expected to rise from 1.59 million/year currently to 2.58 million/year by 20203. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a common initial manifestation of CAD particularly among patients who survive a myocardial infarction (MI). Despite the growing epidemic, the incidence and the risk factors associated with SCD in the post MI cohort in India are largely unknown. Further, the...	Hyderabad, India Vellore, India Kochi, India	Aravinda Chakravarti Darshan Dalal Rulan Parekh Mathuram Santosham Harikrishna Tandri
Incidence, risk factors, and consequences of neonatal hypothermia in Nepal Neonatal hypothermia is recognized as contributing to mortality and morbidity, but data are largely lacking from low-resource settings in developing countries where the majority of high-risk neonates are born. The overall goal of this secondary data analysis is to estimate the incidence, risk factors, and health consequences of hypothermia among newborns in a rural population of southern Nepal. These analyses will fill an important gap in our understanding of the burden and impact of...	Malangwa, Nepal	Luke C. Mullany
Increasing Advocacy Around Malaria CCP’s Global Program on Malaria has launched the VOICES for a Malaria-Free Future project to highlight successful anti-malaria efforts and evidence-based results. VOICES is designed to educate policymakers about effective programs and strategies for malaria control. VOICES includes advocacy projects in four developing countries — Ghana, Kenya, Mali, and Mozambique — that will promote progress made against malaria while also breaking down policy barriers that hamper effective prevention and...	Bamako, Mali Nairobi, Kenya Maputo, Mozambique Accra, Ghana	Susan Krenn
India: Training Midwives to Conduct Safer Births (through the ACCESS Program) In 2006, ACCESS, along with CEDPA, began work in the Dumka district of Jharkand State. The project aims to increase access to skilled community midwives. ACCESS initiated this effort in response to a policy change allowing auxiliary midwives to provide a broader range of life-saving services. As more midwives are trained, more women--especially in remote areas--will survive complications in childbirth. To this end, ACCESS is equipping auxiliary nurse midwives with the skills necessary for...	New Delhi, India	Koki Agarwal
Indonesia: Maternal and Newborn Care in Aceh Tengah District In January 2007, Jhpiego received a grant from GlaxoSmithKline to improve the availability and quality of maternal and newborn care services in Aceh Tengah District, where years of isolation experienced by the district before the 2004 tsunami led to delivery of sub-standard health care for mothers and their babies. This three-year project builds on Jhpiego’s previous work with a variety of partners and donors, and helps to re-establish and strengthen midwifery services in Aceh Province. In...	Jakarta, Indonesia	Alain Damiba
Infectious Diseases Institute At Makerere University in Kampala Uganda HIV Clinical Care, research and training in Uganda. Major research activities include ARV cohort, studies of IRIS, Kaposi''''s sarcoma, Neurologic complications of HIV, African clinical pharmacology, HIV resistance, and hepatitis B. Opportunities exist for training in the HIV Clinic directed by Andrew Kambugu and to participate in teaching through Gisela Schneider?s ongoing programs training African physicians and nurses in HIV care.	Kampala, Uganda	Brooks Jackson Yukari C. Manabe Thomas Quinn Steven Reynolds Ned Sacktor Lisa Spacek David Thomas
Influence of Iron and Zinc Supplementation on Development The goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of supplementation with iron and zinc on infant developemnt in rural Bangladesh utilizing a randomized placebo-controlled design to measure cognitive, motor and behavioral development in infants 6-18 months of age at baseline.	Dhaka, Bangladesh	Robert Black Laura Murray-Kolb
Information and Knowledge for Optimal Health (INFO) JHU/CCP, working with team members, The Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI) and Analytical Sciences, Inc., will provide improved information exchange and a more complete, widely shared knowledge base to expand and advance the concept of information services.		Susan Krenn
Inhibition of plasmepsin activity in the liver stage of malaria infection Though expression of parasites-specific aspartic proteases, plasmepsins, was documented in the liver stage of malaria infection several years ago, the function of these enzymes produced by the parasite in hepatocytes remains elusive. At the same time, well established function of plasmepsins in the erythrocytic stage malaria infection, namely, their haemoglobin-degrading activity, prompted development of plasmepsin inhibitors as a novel class of anti-malarial drugs. We have recently found...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jelena Levitskaya
Injury and Trauma Research Training in Pakistan no abstract provided
Injury Control Research Center in Wuhan, China Training and research on injury control and prevention, EMS system development, and trauma care.	Wuhan, China	Guohua Li
Injury Risk and Protection in Tanzania: Ecological Model The specific aim of this study is to describe the risk and protective factors of intentional injury death (homicide) among individuals and families in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Violence is a widespread international problem with biological, psychological, social and environmental roots and serious health consequences (WHO, 2002). This research fits into an Ecological Framework that includes national, community, household/family, and individual realms. An Injury Surveillance System newly...	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Jacquelyn C. Campbell Anne H. Outwater
Innovations in Family Planning Services Phase II Phase two of the Innovations in Family Planning Service Project focuses USAID/ India’s support for reproductive and child health activities on developing, demonstrating, documenting, and leveraging expansion of public-private partnerships for provision of high quality reproductive and child health services in three states of northern India (Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Jharkhand). The IFPS II Technical Assistance Project supports the bilateral IFPS II project in the implementation of state...	Uttar Pradesh, India	Susan Krenn
Innovations in measuring injury and disability in low income countries: Use of a demographic surveillance system in Uganda The measurement of injury and disability in low income countries is recognized as a major gap in health information systems, especially in Africa. The Iganga and Mayuge Demographic Surveillance System (IM-DSS) provides a unique opportunity to evaluate innovations in assessing the burden of injury and disability in Uganda and develop population-based data to inform national health policies. The proposed study will analyze existing data from the IM-DSS to formulate new approaches to measuring...	Iganga, Uganda	David Bishai Adnan Hyder Stephen T. Wegener
Institute of Bioinformatics We have a research collaboration with the Institute of Bioinformatics, a non-profit research institute involving signal transduction, proteomics and database and software development. We are interested in starting research projects on more clinically-oriented topics such as diagnostic markers of diseases (especially cancers) and large-scale validation of biomarkers.	Bangalore, India	Akhilesh Pandey
Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama Background: In the Mesoamerican region, chronic noncommunicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hold first place in mortality rates compared to other causes of death. CVD are the main cause of death in all countries, with the exception of Guatemala. However, when cancer and CVD are taken together, these two groups of diseases are the most prevalent causes of death in all countries, with rates higher than those found for communicable diseases and external causes. Belize,...	Guatemala City, Guatemala	Benjamin Caballero
Institutionalization of Strategic Leadership Development in the Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia The objective of this collaboration with the University of Indonesia is to strengthen district-level leadership with an organizational structure for dialogue, decision-making, program implementation and monitoring to engage all parties in facilitating improvement in RH. The most important issue is whether SLLO training and translation result in the initiation of fundamental changes in public health and related institutions at the district level leading to the reformulation of policies and...	Depok, Indonesia	W. Henry Mosley
Instituto Technologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM); Advancing Clinical Education The Instituto Technologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM), commonly known as Tec de Monterrey, was founded in 1943 by a group of entrepreneurs. Today, the Tec de Monterrey system has 95,000 full time students enrolled in Tec’s 34 undergraduate, 51 masters, and 6 doctorate level educational programs. Tec de Monterrey seeks to educate professionals and provide them with the skills needed to succeed in the business world. Tec de Monterrey has received national and international...	Monterrey, Mexico	Irma Purisch
Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores De Monterrey (Monterrey Tech) Internationally recognized for academic excellence, Monterrey Tec is a large academic center with multiple campuses and offices around the world. The system''''s main headquearters, Campus Monterrey, has a program in medicine and a university-managed hospital, considered to be one of the best in the area. Monterrey Tec created a center for safety, quality and management under its Center for Innovation and Transference in Health (CITES), a large-scale research and education project. In 2005...	Monterrey, Mexico	Charles Cummings Mark Shaver
Integrated Health -- Pathfinder Work with Pathfinder International to implement the 2006-20011 Population and Health Strategy for USAID/Cairo, through the Integrated Maternal Child Health, Family Planning Reproductive Health (MCH/FP/RH) project. JHU/CCP will be responsible for Sub Result 3.2: Strengthened interpersonal communication skills of PCH, Hospital, NGO and Outreach workers. In addition, CCP will propose an appropriate level of STTA, to be determined with Pathfinder International.	Cairo, Egypt	Susan Krenn
inter epi.research studies to reduce mother to child HIV-1 trans This abstract is not available.
Interdisciplinary Training in Health Disparities Research (T32) This training grant is aimed to provide trainees with the core knowledge, skills, attitudes and experience to conduct health disparities research, to develop creative and successful clinical investigators who can lead and participate in the research projects within interdisciplinary teams, and to increase the number of and strengthen the preparation of under-represented minorities participating in health disparities research.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Jerilyn K. Allen
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Background: Chronic disease is a common precursor to poverty. The impact of chronic disease can push the near-poor into poverty and push those already poor from a meager but sustainable existence into irreversible destitution. Very little is known about how poor people manage some of the most common serious chronic conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the types of health services and providers that they use. Even less is...	Dhaka, Bangladesh	David Peters
International Clinical Placement of Baccalaureate Students Senior nursing students who are interested can apply for a 5-6 week clinical placement in a hospital setting abroad. Placement sites have included Eastern Cape South Africa, Bejing, China, Chennai, India and Singapore. I have an interest in developing other sites where Hopkins Faculty have a presence.	Beijing, China Singapore, Singapore Chennai, India Bizana, South Africa	Jo Walrath
International Clinical Studies Support Center (ICSSC) Training workshops in clinical research and research ethics to investigators conducting NIH funded infectious disease research around the globe as a means of building capacity. For more information visit, http://www.icssc.org/index.html		Jeremy Sugarman
International Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research Injuries are one of the leading causes of global death and disability, especially in developing countries. The development of a sustainable research capacity within developing countries that will foster high quality and locally relevant research is a critical element of an optimal response to this high burden. The Johns Hopkins University (JHU) is pleased to collaborate with the Aga Khan University (AKU) in the development of an International Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research Training...
International Consortium to Identify Genes and Interactions Controlling Oral Clef Oral clefts, which include cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate (CP), and collectively represent one of the most common birth defects in humans. Oral clefts have a complex and heterogeneous etiology, with strong evidence for both genetic and environmental causal factors. Candidate gene studies and genome wide linkage studies have yielded compelling but inconsistent evidence that multiple genes control risk to oral clefts, and several studies have shown evidence for...	Beijing, China Seoul, South Korea Copenhagen, Denmark Oslo, Norway Manila, Philippines Singapore, Singapore Taipei, Taiwan Baltimore, MD (US)	Terri Beaty
International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IEDEA) Initiative to establish international regional centers for the collection and harmonization of data and the establishment of an international research consortium to address unique and evolving research questions in HIV/AIDS currently unanswerable by single cohorts. More than 200,000 HIV-infected persons from 38 different countries are included. Questions regarding utilization and effectiveness of ARV therapy, toxicities, opportunistic disease and other co-morbidities (e.g., TB, hepatitis) and...	Lima, Peru Bern, Switzerland Port-au-Prince, Haiti Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo Manila, Philippines Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Sydney, Australia Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire Chennai, India Baltimore, MD (US) Nashville, TN (US) Bordeaux, France Durham, NC (US) Indianapolis, IN (US)	Richard Moore
International Genetic Epidemiology of Oral Clefts Cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CLP) is a complex and heterogeneous birth defect that represent a major public health burden because of the high prevalence and the medical burden they create for both affected infants and their families. The etiology of oral clefts remains enigmatic despite strong evidence that both genetic and environmental factors must be involved, both individually and through interaction. We propose an international multi-center, case-family study of CL/P that will...	Beijing, China Singapore, Singapore Taipei, Taiwan Weifang City, China	Terri Beaty
International Herpes Determination of full length sequence variation of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 from primary cultures from non western countries.	Rakai, Uganda Johannesburg, South Africa	Oliver Laeyendecker
International Studies Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic with nearly 40 million individuals living with HIV infection worldwide. The objectives of this project are to define the unique epidemiological, clinical, virologic, and immunologic features of HIV infection in developing countries, to determine the viral kinetics associated with perinatal and heterosexual transmission, and to characterize the molecular strains of HIV internationally for infectiousness and progression of disease. We have established population...	Lilongwe, Malawi Beijing, China New Delhi, India Lusaka, Zambia Rakai, Uganda Baltimore, MD (US) Pretoria, South Africa	Robert Bollinger Jr. Ronald Gray Diane Griffin William Moss Thomas Quinn Maria Wawer
International Training And Research In Population And Health This grant from the Fogarty Foundation supports in-country and international training for Ugandan scientists. A five-year competing renewal was submitted in February, 2006, and funding decisions should be available by September.	Kampala, Uganda	Ronald Gray Kenneth Hill
Interventional Epidemiologic Research Studes to Reduce Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission and Improve Infant Survival in Resource-Limited Countries of High HIV-1 Seroprevalence The PEPI-Malawi study is a randomized, open-label, controlled phase III trial of extended post-exposure prophylactic antiretrovirals to prevent breastmilk-associated HIV transmission. The study population consists of women and their babies attending antenatal clinics and/ or admitted to labor rooms at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre and 5-6 township health centers in southern Malawi. Women attending antenatal clinics in their second or early third trimesters of pregnancy...	Lilongwe, Malawi Blantyre, Malawi	Newton Kumwenda Taha E. Taha
Intra-uterine growth restriction and preterm birth as risk factors for neonatal and infant morbidity and This subcontract will estimate global and region-specific incidence of preterm and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), the disease burden (morbidity and mortality in neonates and infants) associated with IUGR and preterm globally and by region, and identify maternal risk factors, with emphasis on nutrition, for IUGR and preterm, and estimate the disease burden attributable to these conditions.	Baltimore, MD (US)	Robert Black Laura Caulfield Joanne Katz
Introduction of Zinc Treatment for Childhood Diarrhea in Tanzania This project proposes to provide research assistance to the Tanzanian USAID mission and the Tanzania health and nutrition authorities to (1) assess the feasibility of introducing zinc treatment for childhood diarrhea, (2) advocate for the intervention to key national stakeholders, (3) identify feasible strategies and operational issues for the large-scale adoption of zinc treatment for diarrhea in local health systems and for the promotion of its use at the household level, and (4) evaluate...	Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Robert Black Rolf Klemm Peter Winch
Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson''''s disease	Singapore, Singapore	Ted Dawson
Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of stroke and neurotoxicity Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of stroke and neurotoxicity	Toronto, Canada	Ted Dawson
Iraqi Refugees in Jordan Several research initiatives are currently ongoing in Jordan. IWe are conducting a nationwide survey of Iraqis displaced in Jordan in collaboration with the Center for Communication Programs; the survey is planned for summer of 2008 and is supported by UNICEF. We are also collaborating with International Medical Corps on research and technical assistance for Iraqi refugee programs, including a recently released survey on Iraqi health careseekers.	Amman, Jordan	Gilbert Burnham Shannon Doocy
Issues on Aging Network Hopkins is creating an Issues on Aging network with the Charite medical school in Berlin and, more broadly, investigators and policy folks in Europe, to share knowledge and build joint initiatives related to the aging of our population. This is led out of the Center on Aging and Health, jointly with the Pam Cranston in the Provost''s office.	Berlin, Germany	Linda P. Fried
JHMI Leadership Academy In 2007, Johnson and Johnson engaged Johns Hopkins Medicine International experts to provide Leadership Academy sessions to selected Lain American CEOs and Johnson and Johnson internal staff. In the course of 3 separate trips, JHI provided customized Leadership Academy session in each of the following countries: Columbia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Medico, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, and Chile. Each session was customized with country-specific information and focused on: - The key...	Brasilia, Brazil Buenos Aires, Argentina Santiago, Chile Bogota, Colombia Quito, Ecuador Mexico City, Mexico Asuncion, Paraguay Caracas, Venezuela	Mark Shaver
JHU LEAH Program The aim of this program is to develop the next generation of leaders in the most innovative and effective interdisciplinary approaches to adolescent health promotion and disease prevention with a primary goal of reducing health disparities. Training of individuals from five core disciplines --medicine, social work, nutrition, psychology, and nursing -- is aimed at increasing capacities to integrate skills through demonstrated leadership. Project PI: Hoover Adger (SOM). Faculty in the JHU...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Laura Caulfield Jonathan Ellen Nicholas Ialongo Arik V. Marcell Kathleen M. Roche Phyllis Sharps
JHU Southern Asia Clinical Trials Unit Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and its partners in Thailand and India are pleased to announce the funding of the JHU Southern Asia Clinical Trials Unit, David D. Celentano, Principal Investigator. This CTU is focused on recruiting injecting drug users and other high risk populations severely impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, into phase IIb and III clinical trials investigating new strategies and methodologies to prevent HIV infection. In particular, we seek to address a high priority...	Chiang Mai, Thailand Chennai, India Baltimore, MD (US)	David Celentano
JHU-Fogarty African Bioethics Training Program The Johns Hopkins-Fogarty African Bioethics Training Program trains African professionals in bioethics and research ethics through course work, seminars, and funded independent scholarship in research ethics. Through funding from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, three trainees are selected each year for this one-year training program. African scholars, with backgrounds in research, IRB work, and/or government – spend the first six months of their training at...	Baltimore, MD (US)	Chris Beyrer Adnan Hyder Nancy Kass
Johns Hopkins ACG Risk Adjustment Predictive Modeling The Johns Hopkins ACG Case-Mix / Predictive Modeling effort is the largest technology transfer project in the Johns Hopkins University's history. The Bloomberg School based team supports the development of a suite of health IT /software tools used for health care management and financing in numerous nations around the globe. (See map). The software is used to categorize persons and populations based on diagnosis and pharmacy information contained in electronic medical records and...	London, United Kingdom Tel Aviv, Israel Berlin, Germany Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Stockholm, Sweden Taipei, Taiwan Baltimore, MD (US) Vancouver, Canada Bilbao, Spain	David P. Bodycombe Cynthia M. Boyd Jeanne M. Clark Bruce Leff Barbara Starfield Jonathan Weiner
Johns Hopkins in Singapore Johns Hopkins Singapore (JHS) was established by The Johns Hopkins University in 1998 as its base of medical operations in South East Asia. JHS has a tripartite mission of research, education and patient care, integrating basic translational and clinical research components. Research and educational activities are carried out by the Division of Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medicine in Singapore (DJHS), which is an academic division of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine....	Singapore, Singapore	Richard Ambinder Thomas August Alex Chang Ian McNiece Hiormi Sesaki Simona Stager Natasha Zachara
Johns Hopkins short term training grant in Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Peru Despite the toll that infectious diseases take on humans in developing countries around the world, there remains a substantial shortage of both clinically and research-oriented people trained in tropical disease diagnosis, prevention, and control. Renewal of this proposed T35 training grant would enable Johns Hopkins University to continue providing U.S. medical students, candidates for graduate school and post-doctoral trainees opportunities in tropical disease research. Furthermore, funding...	Lima, Peru	Robert Gilman
Johns Hopkins Singapore Johns Hopkins International Medical Center – Located in a private pavilion of the Tan Tock Seng Hospital, JHM International provides care in a 30 bed inpatient unit, and a large outpatient chemotherapy suite with a large mix of international patients seeking care for a variety of oncology related diagnoses. Operating since 1999, the facility recently doubled its capacity. The original site for the JH International Medical Center was the National University Hospital, however, due to growth the...	Singapore, Singapore	Harris Benny Ed Thompson
Johns Hopkins University Global Water Program Developed at JHU under a three year "Discovery Award" grant.		Gregory Ball
Johns Hopkins University-Guangxi, China Clinical Trials Unit Leading HIV investigators from the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) - Guangxi China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Collaboration propose a Clinical Trials Unit (JHU-Guangxi China CDC CTU) for the purpose of conducting clinical trials at two well developed clinical research sites in Manning City and Heng County in the Guangxi autonomous region of China. This region, which borders Vietnam, has the third largest number of HIV infected persons in China. The JHU-Guangxi China CDC...	Manning, China	Chris Beyrer Brooks Jackson Shenghan Lai Gregory Lucas
Jordan National Health Communication Strategy Achieve a health competent society structured around five themes: 1) Strategic Coordination - coordinate, and integrate all Health Behavior Change Communication (BCC )activities/programs in Jordan; 2)provide strategic integrated crosscutting BCC to achieve health competence and sustainable health behavior change across life stages; 3) Institutional Capacity Building - enhance Jordanian capacity in BCC and institutionalize sustainable BCC systems; 4) Advocacy/Supportive Environment - invoke...	Amman, Jordan	Susan Krenn
Kenya: AIDS, Population and Health Integrated Assistance Program Jhpiego is the lead partner in the comprehensive AIDS, Population and Health Integrated Assistance Program (APHIA II) in Eastern Province, Kenya, which began in 2006. This five-year, $24 million program was designed to empower Kenyan communities to address health concerns by strengthening linkages between health care providers and community groups. It is funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) with the support of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)....	Nairobi, Kenya	Alain Damiba
Kenya: Comprehensive Care Centers for Informal Urban Settlements Jhpiego has worked in Kenya for more than 30 years. An important and growing focus for Jhpiego is the health of Kenyans who reside in informal urban settlements, commonly referred to as slums. Jhpiego’s Comprehensive Care Center Program, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation since 2005, seeks to ensure that people living with HIV in Nairobi’s Korogocho and Viwandani communities have access to comprehensive physical and psychological health care services. Working with nongovernmental and...	Nairobi, Kenya	Alain Damiba
Kenya: Strengthening Pre-Service HIV Education In Kenya, Jhpiego is implementing a five-year program funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Under this program, Jhpiego is supporting the Government of Kenya to improve pre-service HIV education at public and private medical training colleges, thereby reaching 80% of the health workforce that is directly involved in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support. The program targets 20 medical training...		Alain Damiba
Kenya: Supporting Efforts in Maternal and Newborn Health Across the Continuum of Care (through the ACCESS Program) In Kenya, ACCESS is implementing innovative approaches across the continuum of care for health promotion, disease prevention and treatment of conditions affecting women and their families. The USAID-funded program, begun in 2005, focuses on national- and provincial-level activities that fill gaps in critical technical areas of maternal and newborn health. ACCESS technical areas include: * HIV/AIDS—specifically counseling and testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission and...	Nairobi, Kenya	Koki Agarwal
Kidney Transplant Patient Decision Making and Adherence Pilot Study This is a mixed method quantitative and qualitative pilot study that will provide feasibility data and instrument validity data that can support a grant application for support of a more comprehensive study of this topic. The purpose of this pilot study is to explore the extent to which kidney transplant recipients make decisions regarding adherence to the prescribed immunosuppressive medication regimen in a Swiss and US population. One of the objectives is to test Swiss instruments...	Basel, Switzerland	Marie T. Nolan Julie Stanik Hutt
Korean Cohort on Active and Passive Smoking Large-scale cohort study of active and passive smoking and risk for cancer and other diseases among the Korean population. The cohort consists of over one million adult Koreans who had a physical examination as part of their care by the national health insurance program. Recent analyses have addressed diabetes, blood sugar, and cancer risk; white blood cells and risk for cancer and cardiovascular disease; and body mass index and mortality and morbidity. Publications have addressed active...	Seoul, South Korea	Jonathan Samet
Korean Metabolic Syndrome Research Initiatives Current status of metabolic syndrome and future challenges in Korea.	Seoul, South Korea	Sun Ha Jee
Ku Saurara III - Motivating Youth and Introducing Friendly Clinics Expand access to family planning and related RH services by making modern family planning and RH information and services available to youth.	Abuja, Nigeria	Susan Krenn
Labor Supply, Childbearing, and Women’s Welfare in Old Age The study will address the following research goals: (1) To provide a comprehensive description of the well-being of older adults in Iran, Lebanon, and Egypt. (2) To understand the extent to which fertility and labor force participation of women can be predicted by community factors. (3) To estimate the causal effects of cumulative fertility and labor force participation of women on well-being at older ages. (4) To prepare for the collection of new data informed by the results of...	Beirut, Lebanon Taft, Iran Ismailia, Egypt	David Bishai
Laboratory support for Rakai Program research activities (through the Rakai Health Sciences Program) The Rakai Program has been designated as one of only three Intramural Program International Center for Excellence in Researh (ICER) world-wide. The award provides ongoing laboratory support (equipment, technical assistance, supplies) for Rakai research priorities, and fosters collaboration between NIAID intramural scientists and Rakai Program researchers. Ongoing studies include assessment of the effects of HIV viral load on the dynamics of the HIV epidemic, full length HIV sequencing and...	Rakai, Uganda	Ronald Gray Thomas Quinn Steven J. Reynolds Maria Wawer
LAMP and Tadpoles for the field diagnosis of HAT Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense are pathogens responsible for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT; or sleeping sickness). Death from HAT is inevitable if untreated. Recently, HAT has reached epidemic proportions with more that 40,000 people dying every year in Africa. While resistance to the limited drug therapies may be a factor, in the rural areas where patients are typically seen, failure to microscopically observe trypanosomes in blood smears and/or CSF in the critical...	Franceville, Gabon Baltimore, MD (US) Limoges, France Obihiro, Japan	Dennis J Grab
Large Scale epitope mapping (Immune Epitope Database (IEDB)) Map epitopes of category A to C agents for vaccine development and diagnostic tests. 1. PI Brusic - Large-scale discovery of T-Cell epitopes will be applied to selected NIAID category A-C bioterrorism agents. Current computational methods of Hidden Markov models and artificial neural networks will be used to identify class I (HLA-A2 and -A3 supertype) and class II (HLA-DR) T-Cell epitopes. Additionally, these techni\ologies will be extended to other major supertypes of class I (HLA-A, HLA-B,...	Recife, Brazil	Thomas August Ernesto Marques
Leadership Initiative for Public Health in East Africa Abstract not available	Kampala, Uganda Dar es Salaam, Tanzania	Gilbert Burnham
Leadership Training and Quality of Family Planning Management and Services This joint effort with the Nanjing College of Population Program Management implements an experimental project in Danyang County (intervention area) and Yangzhong County (control area), and is carried out in collaboration with the Zhenjiang Family Planning Committee. The study purposes are to enhance the strategic leadership capacity of local family planning committees and to assess how strengthened leadership capacity influences individuals’ informed choice and satisfaction with FP services	Danyang, China Yangzhong, China	W. Henry Mosley
Liberia ICHP CCP works with lead partner Africare on this program that aims to improve the availability, quality, and reach of primary health care (PHC) and family planning services. The principal focus is at the community level, with timely referral for strengthened services at secondary and tertiary facilities. Strengthening community health outreach is a key component of the program. This includes the training of community-based health workers in delivering basic PCH services, assisting with home-based...	Monrovia, Liberia	Susan Krenn
LIFE Ethiopia/Tanzania Project In support of LIFE (Leadership & Investment in Fighting and Epidemic), CCP will establish an AIDS Information and Communications Resource Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Additional SOWs followed to include PMTCT (Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission) work in Tanzania and setting up regional ARC centers and materials development.	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Susan Krenn